Total - Solutions

preventing wrinkles

2009-11-28T21:43:00.001-08:00

Preventing wrinkles is the best way to not have wrinkles. Your first and best defense against wrinkles is to stay well hydrated; this keeps the skin plump and smooth. It is recommended that you drink between six and eight glasses of water a day. While that sounds like a lot of water in all actuality it really is not that much water.

A well balanced diet is also helpful to preventing wrinkles. If your body is getting the proper nutriment you will have healthy skin to go along with that. Foods rich in anti-oxidants and high in vitamins A, C and E are good for the skins appearance. Taking a good multi-vitamin can also be a way to help the skin.

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How to Minimize Wrinkles through Natural Home Treatments and Over the Counter Prevention Remedies

2009-11-12T21:12:00.001-08:00

Everyone wants to grow old gracefully with the look of youth and as few wrinkles as possible.

Preventing wrinkles

Preventing wrinkles is the best way to not have wrinkles. Your first and best defense against wrinkles is to stay well hydrated; this keeps the skin plump and smooth. It is recommended that you drink between six and eight glasses of water a day. While that sounds like a lot of water in all actuality it really is not that much water.

A well balanced diet is also helpful to preventing wrinkles. If your body is getting the proper nutriment you will have healthy skin to go along with that. Foods rich in anti-oxidants and high in vitamins A, C and E are good for the skins appearance. Taking a good multi-vitamin can also be a way to help the skin.

Exercise is important to healthy skin as is moisturizing. When you exercise your body gets rid of toxins that can build up causing you to age faster. Using a good moisturizer will help the skin retain its elasticity making you appear younger.

Avoid the sun, smoking and limit your alcohol. These all have the power to rob your skin of its elasticity and youthfulness. It is recommended that you always wear an SPF of 15 or higher if you are going to be outside. You can also choose to wear protective clothing to avoid the sun and prevent wrinkles.

Age Spot Home Remedies

One of the most natural and easy to use home remedy is just recently being discovered by many people. Virgin Coconut Oil is one of the best skin care treatments because it has many antioxidant properties as well as the ability to be absorbed into the skin and cell structure helping to rejuvenate the skin. Virgin coconut oil that has not been refined does not break down the same as refined vegetable oils. You can even substitute virgin coconut oil in foods and further your health and skins appearance.

Extra virgin olive oil, avocado oil, peanut oil, or sesame oil is also very good for skin to help reduce wrinkles as well as prevent them from forming. These oils contain properties that are healthy for skin including antioxidants that help the skin retain its elasticity.

There are many home remedies for treating problem areas one home remedy for under eye treatment is to apply odorless castor oil with a cotton swab to the area. You can also use egg whites to firm and tighten skin. Or use apple cider vinegar with distilled water to balance the ph level of your skin.

Over the counter skin treatments

There are many over the counter skin care products that you can purchase to treat wrinkles at home. Dermatologists recommended products will contain vitamins C & E as well as have anti-oxidants in them. Products that also contain AHA help to remove the dead layers of skin to produce a younger appearance in the skin.

Many night creams contain retinol as well as aha. Retinol is a form of vitamin A and can be used to reduce acne as well as anti-aging by speeding up the turn over rate of your skin. This also helps to give the skin a younger appearance by reducing fine lines and wrinkles on the face. Retinol is recommended for under eye treatment as well as the fine lines and wrinkles around the mouth and corners of the eyes.

No matter how you choose to reduce your winkles and fine lines it is clear that you have many options that do not have to cost a fortune and it is clear that prevention is the best option for reducing those fine lines and wrinkles that age us all.

Protecting Delicate Skin Around the Eyes and Basic Skin Care Around The Eyes

2009-11-12T21:10:00.000-08:00

The skin under and around the eyes is the most sensitive skin on your body. It is thinner in this area and can become problematic for many people early on. There are some basic things that you should do every day and night to take care of this more sensitive skin.

You should always wash off eye make up using a gentle cleanser. Many over the counter products that are created to remove make up around the eyes are best because they are made to be gentle enough to not cause damage to the skin. One very good cleanser that is natural and gentle enough for even sensitive skin is witch hazel. This product cleans well all while still being gentle enough for that very sensitive around the eye area.

A good way to prevent this from happening is to use an eye gel or moisturizing cream in the morning when you first get up and again at night before you go to bed. As we age the skin becomes less elastic and can loose the soft supple look it had before. Staying well hydrated also helps the skin to continue to have that supple look. Ensuring that your moisturizers contain SPF will also help to ensure that the delicate skin around your eyes is protected from getting wrinkles that can be caused by sun damage to the skin.

Lymph nodes located under the eyes where toxins build up in the lymph system your eyes to be puffy and swollen. A good way to reduce that swelling is to apply a cool mask around the eyes. You can also gently press on the area using the third finger on each hand to massage this area to release the toxins built up in the lymph system. Many people also like to store a jar of eye cream in the refrigerator so that they can apply it cold to the skin to reduce the swelling and sooth the enflamed feeling.

Crows feet or laugh lines around the eyes are very typically the first to appear because of how delicate and thin the skin around the eyes is. The best way to combat these types of lines and wrinkles is to use a product that contains glycolic acid, also known as alpha hydroxy acid or AHA. One product line that boasts to be gentle enough to be used around the eye as a wrinkle remover is Olay. Utilizing cosmetics that contain AHA will help you to diminish your fine lines and wrinkles around the eyes. There are many over the counter cosmetics that help get rid of your fine lines and wrinkles.

There are also many natural remedies that can be used to moisturize & soothe the delicate skin around your eyes. To reduce swelling and make your eyes more relaxed you can use slices of cucumbers on your eyes. To moisturize the delicate area you can apply a little olive oil around your eyes each day to give this area more moisture then the rest of the skin.

How to Choose the Right Moisturizer for Your Skin

2009-11-12T21:07:00.000-08:00

When looking for the right kind of moisturizer for your skin you should consider many things before just going and buying any product off the shelves. These things should be skin type, time of year, as well as cost of the product you are looking at.

Skin Types

Oily skin is described as shiny with a dull color to it. Chronically oily skin has large pores and often has blackheads or pimples that can be either large or small. There are many causes to this type of skin a few of which are hormone levels, heredity, diet, and the weather. Natural oils such as Olive oil are actually good for oily skin types, they help break down the body’s oil and replace it with good oil.

Dry skin can be described by a dull flat tight look. This skin type often suffers from a tight itchy feeling and the skin can flake or chap and crack easily. This skin type can be caused by a lot of the same things as oily skin such as heredity, diet, and hormones.

Combination skin is skin that has both oily patches as well as dry patches and is a very typical skin type for the face. Often the T zone is where the oily patches are; the T zone is the forehead, nose, and chin. Often this area is affected by acne or can be more greasy feeling then the rest of your skin. The dry patches are often the cheeks where they can become so dry some people may experience flaking or chapping.

Sensitive skin is skin that is thin or fine in texture. If you have sensitive skin you probably have allergic reactions to many products including detergents, cosmetics and alcohol that is used in many skin care products. Sensitive skin burns easily as well as can get windburned more easily.

Products

Dermatologists recommend that you always use a moisturizer that contains a sun screen. SPF is important to give you the sun protection you need. During the summer months you can even find moisturizers that contain tint for a nice tanned look.

Some products like Aveno have clearly labeled bottles that tell you what the skin type each different product is best for. Aveno is best for sensitive skin as well as to be used during winter months when dry skin can be at its worst.

Neutrogena is one of the top recommended products for skin care by dermatologists and can be found in just about any drug store, chain store, or super market. Neutrogena is a product that is especially good for people who suffer from oily skin types or acne that is often caused by oily skin.

You may also find that some organic ingredients work best for your skin. A natural deep moisturizer is olive oil and is often used even in luxury salons. This is one of the best moisturizers for a deep penetrating facial or all over body moisturizer. Choosing a product that is right for your skin will allow you to save money as well as find the right product for your skin type.

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Steps for Make up

2009-11-12T21:04:00.000-08:00

Step by step make up:

1. Cleansing

2. Applying foundation

3. Applying concealer

4. Applying eye shadow

5. Applying eye liner

6. Applying eye mascara

7. Applying powder

8. Applying blush

9. Applying lipstick

10. Applying Nail Polish

Facial and Skin Care

Daily skin and facial care is much more effective in making us look beautiful than any cosmetics in the world. Here we are going to discuss some of the tips and tricks that we can use to make us look younger and more beautiful without spending too much of extra time and money:

•Get a quick facial at home by splashing your face with lots of warm water and then massaging it with olive oil to moisturize your skin. Use a half-teaspoon of sugar for scrubbing your face and keep rubbing it until it melts away. Wipe off your face with a warm, wet cloth.

•Use the toning mixture of equal parts of water and vinegar and dissolve few aspirins in it twice a day to counter any aging signs in your face. Vinegar flakes off dead skin cells while aspirin is a superb anti-acne product and is also effective on deep acne spots. However, it tends to make skin thinner like store bought toner and so sun block with at least SPF 15 should be used essentially everyday.

•Wash your face several times a day and wipe off with a clean cloth to keep acne off the oily skin.

•If your eyes look puffy or swollen, wash your face and cover your eyes with sliced potatoes or cucumbers for a few minutes. This is really effective in the morning.

•Olive oil works well as face and eye makeup remover.

•Clean you nails with white vinegar before applying nail polish for a smoother finish and make it last longer.

•Olive oil mixed with melted beeswax is a great lip balm.

Lip Make Up

2009-11-12T20:57:00.000-08:00

Lip make up should be in contrast with the face make up and your dress.

Lip pencil:

You should choose a lip pencil that matches the shade of lipstick. Choose a bit darker shade than the shade of lipstick.

Lipstick:

They come in a variety of color. The color chosen must match not only with make up but also with the dress you are wearing.

APPLYING LIPSTICK:

•

◦Before applying lipstick, prime your lips with some foundation and powder to remove all color from your lips.

◦Outline your lips using a sharp lip liner pencil. The shade of your pencil should be same as that of lipstick. For the upper lips, start from the centre and move out towards the corner of the mouth. For the lower lip, work from side to side.

◦Take some lipstick into a brush and fill along the outline of the lips. For the upper lip, start from the centre and work outwards and for the lower lip, work from side to side. Don’t apply too much of color.

◦Open your mouth wide and brush the color into the corners, so the edges must not remain unfilled.

◦Use Vaseline or cream to give shine to your lips after applying lipstick.

Tips to be followed:

•Heavy eye make up should be balanced with the soft lip color and to compliment soft eye make up, wear rich colored lipstick.

•To avoid smudging, apply foundation on your lips before applying lipstick.

•Blot your lips with tissue paper for natural looks.

•For a different look, you can use shining lip liner.

Shaping up of lips:

Shaping lips can make you look attractive.

•For thick lips: This type of lip appear smaller if you draw the outline just within the natural shape. You must use medium toned lip color and avoid dark brows, plums and pale shimmer shades .

•For thin lips: They can be easily corrected by taking the pencil outside the natural lip line. Work on it slowly and steadily to get the perfect shape. Fill in with the lipstick. A highlight of frosting on the upper lip would create an impression of fullness .

•For shapeless lips: Try to make the most flattering shape by stressing the centre of the lips and then fill.

Lip care:

•Massage your lips with coriander leaf juice to make it soft and rosy.

•Use lip primers to combat dry lips.

•Mix a pinch of crushed sugar in a little lip balm and apply it for fifteen minutes on your lips..

Dark lips:

There are various reason for the lips to get dark that is the use of cheap brand of lipstick, heavy application of lipstick, sun exposure, drinking tea or coffee in excess. The prime cause of dark lips is smoking. Check whether you are not wearing expired lipstick. It can also be due to dryness and allergy. For maintaining red lips, fresh air, vitamins and iron are required. Keep your lips free from lipstick as much as you can. Take plenty of fruits and vegetables

Applying Nail Polish

2009-11-12T20:48:00.000-08:00

Women wear traditionally Nail polish. Nail remover is very useful, it is not only wipes off old shade of nail polish, but give the strength and make the new shade coat stay for long term period.

Firstly, apply thin coat of nail polish on nails and leave them for drying and after this apply other coat on them.

Do not apply thick coat of nail polish, always use one by one application of nail polish. Because of a single coat of polish can dry sooner and lasts for long term period.

It is the best methods to give strength and prevent nails from dryness by using remover and then apply nail polish. One should apply nail polish at least one or two times per week. Girls and women should remember the following tips while applying nail polish:

•One uses a white nail pencil for lining the nail tip for the flawless French Manicure. Avoid use of white nail polish.

•Keep in mind, do hand massage weekly for pampering and improve nail growth and increase circulation of blood in hands.

•One should submerge the fresh painted nails in full bowl of ice-cold water for about half hour to make the chip-resistant nail enamels for long term period.

•Sometimes, one may get away with clean nails underneath and rub all nails on the buffing cream and after this for getting healthy and natural shine use chamois buffer. •Keep in mind, do not use filer to file the corner of nails because, it can become weak.

•Get funky and fashionable by using solid color for nails and leave them for dryness. After this, use toothpicks for making diagonal lines across the nails in many colors.

•Use metallic glints for hot dates or club night outs. One can easily use nail tattoos, nail piercing and embellishments for nails makeup.

•Use sparkle or a single coat of gloss on nails, which are very dry for glitter and shimmer. One can use silver glitter for looking good on black and dark blue shades during gold glitter with red color.

Nail Polish technique
The best method for applying nail polish is in three strokes such as one down the each side and one down the middle. If one makes some mistake, does not loose the heart, and make sure about remover to remove old nails color and use cotton buds while applying nail polish.

PearlXP concept of sub-groups

2009-10-31T07:15:00.000-07:00

The concept of sub-groups

Groups have a hierarchical organization. At the top of the hierarchy are Primary

Groups. These are the main asset, liability, income or expenditure groups of

accounts that determine the entire accounting and their presentation, i.e.,

whether a ledger affects Profit & Loss Account (as a revenue item) or goes into

the Balance Sheet. The Reserved Primary Groups and subgroups (shown

indented) are: Aliases for the groups are given in square brackets [ ].

Primary Groups of capital nature

1. Capital Account

Reserves and Surplus [Retained Earnings]

2. Current Assets

Bank Accounts

Cash-in hand

Deposits (Asset)

Loans & Advances (Asset)
Stock-in-hand

Sundry Debtors

3. Current Liabilities

Duties and Taxes

Provisions

Sundry Creditors

4. Fixed Assets

5. Investments

6. Loans (Liability)

Bank OD Accounts [Bank OCC Accounts]

Secured Loans

Unsecured Loans

7. Suspense Account

8. Miscellaneous Expenses (Asset)

9. Branch/Divisions

Revenue Primary Groups

10. Sales Account

11. Purchase Account

12. Direct Income [Income Direct]

13. Indirect Income [Income Indirect]

14. Direct Expenses [Expenses Direct]

15. Indirect Expenses [Expenses Indirect]

<>A discussion on each of the reserved groups: <>

1. Capital Account	This holds the Capital and Reserves of the company. Examples of ledgers that may be opened under this group are Share Capital, Partners' Capital A/c, Proprietor's Capital Account. Reserves and Surplus [Retained Earnings] Open ledgers like Capital Reserve, General Reserve, Reserve for Depreciation, etc.
2. Current Assets	Directly under Current Assets, you may find place for assets that do not fall under the following sub-groups: Bank Accounts - For Current, savings, short term deposit accounts, etc. Cash-in hand - PearlXPautomatically opens one Cash A/c under this group. You are permitted to open more cash accounts, if necessary. Note: An account under Cash-in-hand group or Bank Accounts/Bank OCC A/c group is printed as separate Cash Book in the traditional Cash Book format and does not form part of the Ledger. Deposits (Asset) - In essence, a place for Fixed Deposits, Security Deposits, or any deposit made by the company (not received by the company, which is a liability). Loans & Advances (Asset) - For all loans given by the company and advances of a non-trading nature, e.g., advance against salaries, or even for purchase of Fixed Assets. We do not recommend you to open Advances to Suppliers account under this group. Doing so gives rise to the difficulty in ascertaining advance position of a particular supplier and to adjust future bills against such advances. For further details, please refer to the section on Common Errors. Stock-in-hand - This is a special group. You may wish to open accounts like Raw Materials, Work-in-Progress and Finished Goods. How the balances are controlled depends on whether you opted to maintain an integrated account-cum-inventory system in the company features. (refer to Company creation section for more details) Let's consider the options: Integrated Accounts-cum-Inventory : You are allowed transactions in Inventory records and the account balances are automatically reflected in the Balance Sheet as Closing Stock. You are not allowed to directly change the closing balance of an account under this group. Non-integrated Accounts-cum-Inventory: Accounts that fall under this group are not permitted any transactions. It allows you to hold opening and closing balances only. Since no vouchers can be passed for these accounts, they are the only accounts for which the closing Balances can be directly altered (by an authorized user only) Sundry Debtors- For your customer accounts. Do not open them under the Sales Account group, which is a revenue account. For more information on common and possible errors in grouping of accounts, please refer below to the separate paragraph on the topic.

3. Current Liabilities	You may open accounts like Outstanding Liabilities, Statutory Liabilities and other minor liabilities directly under this group. Sub-groups under Current Liabilities are Duties and Taxes, Provisions and Sundry Creditors Duties and Taxes For all tax accounts like VAT, MODVAT, Excise, Sales and other trade taxes. A convenient place to find the total liability (or asset in case of advances paid), as well as the break-up of individual items. Provisions- For provision accounts like Provision for Taxation, Provision for Depreciation, etc. Sundry Creditors - For trade creditors of the company. Do not open your supplier accounts under the Purchases Account group, which is a revenue account. For more information on common and possible errors in grouping of accounts, please refer below to the separate paragraph on the topic.
5. Investments	To group your investment accounts like Investment in Shares, Bonds, Govt. securities, long term Bank deposit accounts, etc. A convenient place to view the total investments made by the company.
	For loans, typically long term, taken by the company.
6. Loans (Liability)	Bank OD Accounts [Bank OCC Accounts] - PearlXP gives two distinct types of Bank Accounts, The Bank OCC A/c is meant to record the company's overdraft accounts with banks. e.g., Bill Discounted A/cs, Hypothecation A/cs etc. Note: An account under Bank OCC A/c group is printed as separate Cash Book in the traditional Cash Book format and does not form part of the Ledger. Secured Loans- For term loans and other long/medium term loans that have been obtained against security of some asset. PearlXP does not verify the existence of the security. Typical accounts would be Debentures, Term Loans, etc. Unsecured Loans - For loans obtained without any security. E.g., Loans from Directors/partners or outside parties.
7. Suspense Account	Theoretically speaking, this group should not exist. However, in modern accounting, many large corporations use a Suspense Ledger to track moneys paid or recovered, the nature of which is not yet known. The most common example is money paid for Traveling Advance whose details would be known only upon submission of the TA bill. Some companies may prefer to open such accounts under Loans and Advances (Asset) group. Please note that Suspense Account is a Balance Sheet item. Any expense account even if it has 'suspense' in its name, should be opened under a Revenue group like Indirect Expenses and not under Suspense Account group.
8. Miscellaneous Expenses (Asset)	This group is typically used more for legal disclosure requirements, like Schedule VI of the Indian Companies Act. It should hold incorporation and pre-operative expenses. Companies would write off a permissible portion of the account every year. A balance would remain to the extent not written off in Profit & Loss Account. PearlXP does not, however, show a loss, carried forward in the Profit & Loss Account, under this group. The Profit & Loss Account balance is shown separately in the Balance Sheet.
9. Branch/Divisions	This group is provided to keep the ledger accounts of all companies that are your company's branches, divisions, affiliates, sister concerns, subsidiaries, etc. This is a group of convenience. You may not wish to utilize it in this manner. Note that PearlXP permits Sales and Purchase transactions to take place with accounts opened here. Remember, these are their accounts in your books and not their books of accounts. Just treat them as you would any party account. If you wish to maintain the books of that branch/division on you computer, you must open a separate company. (PearlXP allows maintenance of multiple company accounts).
Revenue Primary Groups
10. Sales Account	- For different sales accounts. The natural segregation of your sales accounts could be based on Tax slabs or type of sales. This also becomes a simple mechanism for preparation of Tax returns. An example of such classification may be helpful: Classify under Sales Accounts the following sub-groups Domestic Sales Export Sales Now under Domestic Sales open the following ledgers: Sales (10%) Sales (5%) Sales (exempt) You may even open an account Sales Returns under the group Domestic Sales to view your net sales after returns (or the returns may be directly passed through journal against the specific sales account). Please do not open customer accounts under this group. For more details on possible errors in this regard, please refer to the paragraph given below.
11. Purchase Account	This is similar to sales accounts, except for the purpose of the transaction.
12. Direct Income [Income Direct]	For non-trade income accounts that affect Gross Profit. All trade income accounts would naturally fall under Sales Accounts. You may wish to use this group for accounts like Servicing Contract Charges that follow sales of equipment. If yours is a professional services company, you may not use the Sales Account group at all. Instead, open accounts like Professional Fees under this group.
13. Indirect Income [Income Indirect]	For miscellaneous non-sale income accounts, e.g., Rent Received and Interest Received.
14. Direct Expenses [Expenses Direct]	For manufacturing or direct trading expenses. These accounts determine the Gross Profit of the company.
15. Indirect Expenses [Expenses Indirect]	For all other administrative, selling or non-direct expenses. PearlXP automatically opens the Profit & Loss Account which is a reserved primary account. You may use this account to pass adjustment entries through journal vouchers .e.g., transfer of profit or loss to Capital or Reserve account.

Simply adhering to the reserved groups may be sufficient for many

organizations. For greater diversity, PearlXP allows you to create your own

groups, either as sub-groups or primary groups. Groups can be sub-classified,

to give a virtual accounting tree. At the lowest level, of course, would be the

ledger account. An example of sub-groups would help illustrate the power of this

facility:-The group Indirect Expenses can be sub-classified as under

(Ledgers given in italics):
Indirect Expenses

Administrative Expenses

Interest Paid

Interest paid to banks

Interest paid to others

Marketing Expenses

Selling and distribution expenses

Packing expenses

Transportation

Sales Promotion expenses

Advertising expenses

Direct Promotion expenses

Remember, that during voucher entry, only the ledger accounts are used, - and

the grouping structure remains transparent, irrespective of the use of subclassification.

You may create, alter, or display a single Group or multiple

Groups. Single group option is useful when you wish to work on one group at a

time. Multiple is a time and labour saving option in a list format and is useful

when working on many sub-groups at a time. Once a sub-group is created, it

behaves exactly like a group. Any reference to group would deem to include a

sub-group.

Pearl XP Security Control Security levels – types of security

2009-10-31T07:09:00.000-07:00

Security Control Security levels – types of security: PearlXP has a

very customizable security system. You can set up authority levels and users

who are placed at these levels. The authority levels or Types of Security decide

the rights of the users – what they can or cannot do when using PearlXP.

PearlXP has two security types already set up. One is Owner and the other Data

Entry. Owner has full access and rights to all parts of PearlXP. Data Entry has

restricted rights. You are allowed to create other security types based on these

predefined types and allow more or less rights as required.

Users and Passwords: You would need to create different users who belong

to one or more different security levels or types of security. Select the option at

the Security control menu to define users, give their passwords and their

security levels. Only the administrator can assign users and their passwords.

Backup and Restore: The Backup and restore process are protected with

Passwords for security. You may also backup to a Hard Disk or Network Disk by

specifying the appropriate path (e.g. C:\BACKUP)

Database Lookup: Through this module you can checkup the PearlXP Backup

of a company without restoring the data. I.e. you can take or even pass/Alter

entries in the Backup Data without altering the original database. If you are a

professional Accountant /Auditor you can check the backup of your clients at

your office and can make necessary alterations in accounts if needed and can

return the backup data for restoration in the clients computer. (For checking

the database the client has to provide the Backup Key he has given at the time

of taking the backup)

ACCOUNTS INFORMATION

Groups (Classification of Account-heads)

PearlXP follows the 'Single Ledger' concept of accounting, which is the modern

way of managing accounts. This is in direct contrast to Subsidiary Ledger

Accounting. Thus, all financial entries are performed using ledgers or account

heads. Ledger account heads are created to identify transactions. The single

ledger concept does away with the need for sub-ledgers and corresponding

control accounts in General Ledger. Ledger balances by themselves do not

convey much without some form of classification. PearlXP, therefore, gives you

a powerful way to group ledger information, which is meaningful in reports and

compliant with laws. Groups, in PearlXP, serve to both classify and identify

account heads according to their nature and enable presentation of summarized

information.

Traditionally, grouping of accounts is a post-accounting activity that is done only

when reports are needed. This has an inherent drawback of delayed reports thatare not available at hand when required. PearlXP gives you great flexibility in

setting up your chart of accounts. It allows you to group your ledger accounts

right at time of creating your accounts chart. Your reports and statements will

reflect the desired classification at all times. Further, PearlXP permits you to regroup

your ledgers anytime (with some minimal restrictions), should reclassification

be necessary. We acknowledge that re-grouping is always possible

and would, in practice, be resorted to, when there are changes in the nature of

information. However, re-grouping can be done only by a user account that has

requisite authority under the access control list. At the highest level of grouping,

accounts are classified into capital or revenue - more specifically into assets,

liabilities, income and expenditure. Based on mercantile accounting principles,

PearlXP provides a set of reserved groups and allows you to modify their

names or create sub-groups.

PearlXP Xpress Accounting

2009-10-31T07:05:00.000-07:00

Tally Function Keys

2009-10-29T07:07:00.000-07:00

F9 : Inv Rep : Allows you to directly invoke Inventory Reports menu without going back to

the Gateway of Tally screen.

F10:Acc Rep : Allows you to directly invoke Accounting Reports menu without going back to

Gateway of Tally screen.

To get the Closing Stock in the balance Sheet and the Profit and Loss Statement, activate

Integrate Accounts & Inventory? Option in F11 : Features.

F12 : Configure : Allows you to configure your Balance Sheet. Fields in the Balance Sheet

Configuration screen are explained as follows :

i. Show Vertical balance Sheet? : All Multi-column reports of the Balance Sheet are

shown in a vertical layout. You can select Y or N as required.

ii. Profit or Loss both as Liability? Select Yes or No.

iii. Show Percentages? : To see the figures in Balance Sheet along with break-up with

respect to Capita A/C.

iv. Show Working Capital Figures? To have working capital in the Balance Sheet of

Current Assets and Current Liabilities.

v. Method of showing Balance Sheet? By default, the Balance Sheet has horizontal

layout with Liabilities on the left side and Assets on the right side. A window, pops-up with

options to change the default settings of the Assets and Liabilities side in the Balance Sheet.
vi. Appearance of Names : A menu pops up with various styles for the display of Name.

vii. Scale Factor for values? For rounding the figures in the Balance Sheet to the nearest

scale factor.

F12: Range : This button is used to display information based on some search condition. You

can combine the search using the operators ‘OR’ and ‘AND’. You get the Range of information

in Report menu, by pressing Alt and F12 keys together or by clicking on this button. Suppose,

you frame a query for displaying Ledgers having Opening Balance as Non-Zero OR Groups

having Total Debit Transactions greater than 50,000. Now, to get a Balance Sheet Satisfying

the above query, proceed as follows:

Step 1: Select the option Ledgers from the Type of Info sub-menu in the Range of

Information in Report menu and press Enter. A sub-menu pops up

Step 2: Select the option Opening Balance from the sub-menu, another sub-menu Range of

Info. Pops-up

Step 3: Select the option as NON-ZERO from the Range of Info. Sub-menu, instantly you

get a Conditional sub-menu

Step 4: Select the Or option in the Condition menu, and press Enter. The Type of Info. Submenu

pops-up.

Step 5: Select the Group option in the Type of Info. Sub-menu. A sub-menu named

Particulars gets displayed on the screen.

Step 6: Select the Total Debit Transaction option in the Particulars pop-up list. Another submenu

Range of Info. Gets displayed.

Step 7: Select the greater than option in the sub-menu.

Step 8: Now type 50000 in the last field.

Step 9: Finally, select End of List option to end the search. You have the Balance Sheet

based on your query.

• F12: Value : You can specify the Vouchers to be used in calculation by selecting this button.

You get the Value to Calculate in Report menu by clicking on this button or by pressing Ctrl

and F12 keys simultaneously.

Now, let us make a Balance Sheet on the following Query.

Calculate balances using Vouchers having date equal to ‘23-04-2001’ OR Billed Quantity greater

than 40,000. To get a Balance Sheet satisfying this Query, proceed as follows:

Step 1: Click on the F12: Value button and select the Date option in the Particulars sub-menu, you

get a screen once you press the Enter key.

Step 2: From the Range of Info. Menu selects the equal to option. You get another sub-menu

displayed on your screen.

Step 3: Type the date 23-04-2001 and press Enter.

A condition sub-menu gets displayed

Step 4: Select the Or option from the condition sub-menu, to combine the search condition. A
particulars sub-menu pops-up.

Step 5: Select the Billed Qty option from the Particulars pop-up list. A range of Info. Sub-menu

gets displayed

Step 6: Select the option greater than from the Range of Info. Sub-menu and type the value as

40,000.

Step 7: Select the End of List option to end the search. You get the desired Balance Sheet

satisfying the your query.

Tally Function Keys for Vouchers

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You can mark Vouchers as Post-dated while entering them. Tally will include the post-dated

vouchers only on the due date. The Post-Dated button on the Button Panel toggles between Post-dated

and Current options. Suppose you pay installments for and item in the last week of every month. You

can set-up the payments in advance, which will be included in the books, by marking them regular on

the due date.

Purchase Order

A Purchase Order can be easily generated by Tally and the same can be directly sent to the Supplier.

The Order position can be seen in the Stock Summary. The Purchase Order Book lists all the

Purchase Orders placed and the Sales Order Book lists all the Sales Orders received.

Balance Sheet

It is a statement of Assets and Liabilities. You can view the Balance Sheet by pressing the alphabet B

on the Gateway of Tally screen:

Gateway of TallyBalance Sheet

Configuring Balance Sheet

You can even change the configuration of the Balance Sheet by using the buttons on the Button

Panel. The buttons are discussed below:

F1:Detailed : To have the Closing Balance of the Sub-Groups or Leders under each Primary

Group. This gives you the break-up of the Grouped figures in the Balance Sheet. This button

toggles between F1:Detailed and F1:Condensed.

F7:Valuation : To change the Valuation method for Closing Stock. This button will be enabled

only if you have activated the option Integrate Accounts & Inventory? In F11: Features menu.

New Column : It allows you to add new columns to the Balance Sheet of the active

Company. You can get the Balance Sheet of another active Company or the same Company
for different periods in this new column.

• Alter Column : To alter the details (Period, Stock Valuation Method, etc.),place the cursor in

the column to be altered and press the Alt and A keys together or click on this button.

• Del Column : To delete the columns added to the Balance Sheet, just place the cursor in the

column to be deleted and press the Alt and D keys together or click on this button.

• Auto Column : This button allows you to add multiple columns to the Balance Sheet. The

New Column button allows you to add only one column at a time, but this button allows you

to add as many columns as you wish in one go. When you click on this button, a sub-menu of

Column details pops-up prompting you to specify the required details.

The various options given in the Column Details sub-menu are described as follows:

i. Company : This option is very helpful for comparative analysis of all the active

companies. It gives you their Balance Sheet’s in different columns.

ii. Daily : To get the Balance Sheet on a daily basis.

iii. Half Yearly : To get the Balance Sheet on a half yearly basis.

iv. Month-wise : To get the Balance Sheet for every month.

v. Quarterly : To get the Balance Sheet quarterly.

vi. Weekly : To get the Balance Sheet weekly.

vii. Yearly : To get the Balance Sheet yearly.

Tally Accounting Ledgers

2009-10-29T06:27:00.000-07:00

Ledgers are the actual account heads to which a transaction is identified. Ledgers are very important

for Voucher entries. In Tally, Ledgers are allocated to within Groups for better control of the

Accounts.

As you create a Company, two Ledger Accounts Cash and Profit and Loss A/c are created by default.

You cannot create another Profit and Loss A/c but any number of Cash accounts may be created.

Note :--

• Only the authorized users can alter Ledgers.

• One can not alter :
o Parent of Ledger under the Group Cash-in-hand or Bank Account if there are entries in

that account.

o Parent of a Ledger under Purchase or Sales Account or Sundry Debtors or Creditors if

there are entries in these accounts.

o Closing Balance of a Ledger Account. But this can be altered for account under the Group

‘Stock-in-hand’.

Cost Categories and Cost Centres

Centres

It is a unit of an organization to which transactions (usually revenue) are allocated. We can have the

details of all the transactions from a Centre. The ledger account shows only the nature of a

transaction, it does not give any idea of the unit or organization involved though one may have some

idea about it from Narration. The centers are of the following two types:

Cost Centre: When only costs or expenses are allocated to these centers then they are termed as Cost

Centres.

Profit Centre: When income is also allocated to these centres, then they are termed as Profit Centres.

Cost Categories : It allows allocation of a transaction to several sets of Cost Centres (parallel

allocation).

Note : -- The concept of Cost Centres and Cost Categories is similar to Ledgers and Groups

respectively. By default Tally maintains a Cost Category as ‘Primary’.

Vouchers In Tally

A voucher is the basic recording document. Vouchers are used for recording day-to-day transactions.

Tally has several Pre-Defined Vouchers with different formats, for different types of transactions.

You have the facility to even modify the existing formats as per your need. Vouchers can be created

only in Single mode.

Pre-Defined Vouchers

Contra Voucher : This Voucher is used for fund transfer between Cash and Bank accounts only.

Like Fund transfer from one Bank / Cash account, to another Bank / Cash account cash deposits /

withdrawals into / from Bank. Follow the steps to get this voucher displayed on your desktop:

Gateway of Tally Voucher Entry Click on the F4 : Contra button on the Button Panel to have

the Contra Voucher creation screen.

Purchases

We have following three types of Vouchers for purchase.

1. Purchase Voucher : This Voucher records all entries relates to purchases. If inventory values are

affected for purchase accounts in case of Acct-with-Inventory companies, item details must be

given. Perform the following steps to have this Voucher on your desktop:

Gateway of TallyVoucher Entry Click on the F9: Purchase button on the Button. Panel to
get the Purchase Voucher creation screen.This voucher is used to place purchase orders of the

goods to the suppliers. This voucher is for outward return of rejected goods. The rejected goods

are sent back to the supplier.

Sales

For sales, we have following types of Vouchers.

1. Sales Voucher : This voucher records all entries related to sales. You need to enter the item

details if inventory value gets affected due to sales. It is very useful when sale entry is not made

through Invoice. Perform the following steps to have this Voucher on your desktop:

Gateway of TallyVoucher EntryClick on the F8 : Sales button on the Bottom panel to get

the Sales Voucher creation screen. This voucher is used for recording orders for supply of goods

or services. It is used for making customer’s Invoices. This is return inward of the sold goods by

the customers.

Payment Voucher

This voucher records all the payments made through Bank and Cash. Perform the following steps to

have Payment Voucher creation screen:

Gateway of TallyVoucher EntryClick on the F5: Payment button present on the Button Panel

to have the Payment Voucher Creation screen.

Receipt Voucher

The purpose of this voucher is to record all receipts into bank or cash accounts. Perform the following

steps to have Receipt Voucher creation screen:

Gateway of TallyVoucher EntryClick on the F6:Receipt button on the Button Panel to have

the Receipt Voucher Creation screen.

Journal Voucher

These are for rectification / adjustment entries.

Invoke the Voucher Features screen by clicking on the F11:Features button on the Button Panel. In

the Voucher Features screen, activate the field Use Debit / Credit Notes? By typing Yes for it.

Journal Vouchers are of three types:

i. Journal

ii. Credit Note Voucher

iii. Debit Note Voucher

i. Journal : It is for adjustments between any two ledgers. No outside parties, like Debtor,

Creditor, Branches / Division are involved. Perform the following steps to have this Voucher on

your desktop:

Gateway of TallyVoucher EntryClick on F7:Journal button on Button Panel. A menu

with three options Journal, Credit Note and Debit Note, pops-up. Select Jounal option by

highlighting it and pressing the Enter key.

ii. Credit Note Voucher : This note is useful in case of return of a part of goods by the

customer due to incorrect supply or due to overcharging. Perform the following steps to have this
Voucher creation screen:

Gateway of Tally Voucher Entry Click on the F7:Journal button on the Button Panel. A

menu with three options Journal, Credit Note and Debit Note pops up. Select Credit note option

by highlighting it and pressing thee Enter key.

iii. Debit Note Voucher : This note is raised in case of Return Outward (Purchase Return) of

damaged goods to the supplier or in case of under-charging a customer.

Memo Voucher

As the name implies, it is a Non-Accounting voucher whose entries do not affect your accounts at all.

The entries in this voucher are not posted into ledgers, instead they are stored in a separate Memo

Register. A Memo Voucher can be converted into a regular voucher, for inclusion in your books of

accounts. Perform the following steps to have this Voucher creation screen on your desktop:

Gateway of TallyVoucher EntryClick on the F10:Memos button on the Button Panel.

The Memo Vouchers are of two types:

i. Memorandum Voucher: This type of memo Voucher can be used in many situations such

as:

a. Suspense Payments: Suppose an employee takes an advance for his traveling

expenses. Until and unless the expenses are incurred, the actual expenditure details

cannot be worked out. A Memo Voucher can be entered for advance and can be

entered for advance and can be turned to Payment Voucher after receiving the details

of the expenditure incurred.

b. Vouchers are not verified at the time of entry : At times, you may not understand the

details in a Voucher. You can enter a Memo Voucher under such conditions, which

can be amended after receiving the details.

c. Items given on approval : Memo Vouchers can be entered for items, which are

approved. This Voucher may be amended into a proper Sales Voucher depending upon

the outcome.

d. Reminder service: Memo Vouchers may be entered for future transactions, such as

Dates of Insurance Premiums, Tax due, Installment Payments, Post-Dated cheques.

Tally may be set to remind you a date before the due date of these transactions.

Groups in Tally

2009-10-29T06:18:00.000-07:00

Groups

In the modern way of accounting, all financial entries are performed using Leders or account heads.

Tally follows the ‘Single Ledger’ concept of accounting. It is advisable to Group / Classify ledger

information based on their functions. Groups are helpful in classifying and identifying account heads
based on their nature. Grouping helps in presenting summarized information. Regrouping of accounts

is also permitted by Tally. The single ledger concept eliminates the need for sub ledgers and

corresponding control accounts in General Ledger. Traditionally, grouping of accounts is a postaccounting

activity, but it leads to delayed reports that are not available at hand when required. At the

highest level of grouping, accounts are classified into Assets, Liabilities, Income and Expenses.

Groups by Default (Pre-defined Groups) : Tally provides you with a number of pre-defined

Groups to save you from unnecessary burden of creating frequently used Groups. In these Groups,

some are Primary and some are Subgroups. Subgroup is a part of the main group.

Predefined Groups

Predefined Groups

Alias names for the Groups are shown inside a square bracket.

Detailed Description of Pre-Defined Groups

Capital in Nature	Revenue in Nature
1. Capital Account	1 Sales Account
i. Reserves and Surplus [Retained Earnings]	2 Purchase Account
a. Bank Accounts
b. Cash-in hand
c. Deposits (Asset)
d. Loans & Advances (Assets)
e. Stock-in-hand
f. Sundry Debtors
3 Current Liabilities	3 Income Direct
a. Duties and Taxes
b. Provisions
c. Sundry Creditors
4 Fixed Assets	4 Indirect Income[ Income Indirect]
5 Investments	5 Direct Expenses[ Expenses Direct]
6 Loans (Liability)	6 Indirect Expenses [Expenses Indirect]
a. Bank OD Accounts [Bank OCC Accounts]
b. Secured Loans
c. Unsecured Loans
7 Suspense Account
8 Miscellaneous Expenses (Asset)
9 Branch / Divisions

Alias names for the Groups are shown inside a square bracket.

Detailed Description of Pre-Defined Groups

1) Capital Assets It holds Capital and Reserves of the company. For example, Proprietor’s or

Owner’s Capital Account, Partners Capital Account, Share Capital.

a) Reserves and Surplus [Retained Earnings] : Related to Reserves. Retained Earnings is the

alias name for Reserves and Surplus, e.g. Capital Reserve, General Reserve, Reserve for

Depreciation.

2) Current Assets : It consists of 6 subgroups. If all the assets of the company could not be

allocated in any of these subgroups then the primary group ‘Current Assets’ can accommodate it.

a) Bank Accounts : It holds Current Savings, Short-Term Deposits, etc.

b) Cash-in-Hand : This holds Ledger Account for Cash. More than one Cash Account can be

opened if needed, e.g. Petty Cash A/c.

c) Deposits (Asset) : It holds deposits like Fixed Deposits, Rental Deposits, Security Deposits,

etc. that is the deposits made by the Company (not received).

d) Loans & Advances (Assets) : It is for holding loans given by the company which are nontrading

in nature, e.g. Salary Advance, Advance for Purchase of Fixed Assets, etc.

e) Stock-in-Hand : It holds Opening and Closing Stock. It is a special Group. The balances

depend on the type of Inventory Management option selected while creating a company, e.g.

Raw Materials A/c, Work-in-Progress, Finished Goods, etc.

i) Integrated Accounts-cum-Inventory : Transactions in Inventory records are permitted

and the corresponding changes are reflected in the Balance Sheet as Closing Stock. You

just can not alter the Closing Stock balance directly.

ii) Non-integrated Accounts-cum-Inventory : No transaction permitted. It holds only the

Opening and Closing balances. The authorized users can directly alter closing balances as

no Vouchers can be passed for these accounts.

f) Sundry Debtors : It holds the accounts of the debtors, who owe money to the business.

3) Current Liabilities : It holds the Outstanding Liabilities, Statutory Liabilities and some other

minor liabilities. Liabilities such as PF, TDS, ESI also fall under this Group.

a) Duties and Taxes : it holds the accounts of trade duties, Excise, Local Sales Tax, Central

Sales Tax.

b) Provisions : This acts as a reserve like Provision for Depreciation, Provision for Taxation,

etc.

c) Sundry Creditors : It holds the account of the trade Creditors of the Company.

[One should not open the Supplier Account under Purchase Account Group, as Purchase A/c is a

Revenue A/c.]

4) Fixed Assets : It is a convenient place for holding the Fixed Assets of the company.

5) Investments : It holds the accounts of overall investments, like Bonds, Shares, Govt., Securities,

Long-Term Bank Deposits, etc.

6) Loans (Liability) : It keeps an account of the Loans taken by the Company.

a) Bank OD Accounts [Bank OCC Accounts] : Bank OCC is the alias name for Bank OD

Accounts. It holds Over Draft Account like Hypothecation Accounts, Bill Discounting
Account, etc. of the Bank.

b) Secured Loans : It holds the accounts of the loans taken by the company from Banks and

other Financial Bodies by mortgaging its Fixed Assets. It is a secured loan so it has to be

returned from the fixed asset of the company even if the company fails.

c) Unsecured Loans : This is an unconditional loan obtained from Partners / Directors or

outside parties.

7) Suspense Account :As the name implies, it is created when there is some discrepancy in the

Balance Sheet. It is a Balance Sheet item, e.g. Travelling Advance whose details will be known

only after the submission of TA bill.

8) Miscellaneous Expenses (Asset) : This is mainly for legal disclosure requirements, like

Schedule VI of Indian Companies Act. It is rarely used.

9) Branch / Divisions : It holds the accounts of all the Sister Concerns, Branches, Divisions,

Affiliation, etc. of the existing company.

10) Sales Account : It holds the different Sales Accounts. The Sales Account can be categorized as

Types of Sale (Domestic Sales, Export Sales) and the Tax slabs. To have an idea of net sales after

return, one can even open an account Sales Return under the Group Domestic Sales. [don’t open

Customers account under the Group Sales Account.]

11) Purchase Account : It holds the accounts related to purchase.

12) Direct Income [Income Direct] : It holds the account of the direct income like income due to

sales of goods. A Professional Service Company may like to open an account as Professional Fees

instead of Sales Account, under this Group.

13) Indirect Income [Income Indirect] : It holds the accounts of non-sale indirect income, like

income from Rent Received, Commissions Received, Interest Received, etc.

14) Direct Expenses [Expenses Direct] : It holds the direct trading expenses of the factory, like

Wages paid to Labours, Transportation, Electricity Bill.

15) Indirect Expenses [Expenses Indirect] : Expenses incurred in the administrative building, like

Salary paid to Staff, Maintenance of Vehicle, etc.

Tally automatically opens the Profit & Loss Account which is a reserved primary account. You may

use this account to pass adjustment entries through journal vouchers, e.g. transfer of profit or loss to

Capital or Reserve account.

2009-10-29T06:05:00.000-07:00

INTRODUCTION TO TALLY

Opening Screen of Tally

The opening screen of Tally is shown in Figure below. It contains the following components:

1. The top bar of the screen contains the product message and version, system date and time.

2. The middle bar of the screen is basically divided into two sections:
a) Left Hand Side: This portion contains the following information:

• Current company: It gives the information of the Companies that are already loaded or

selected.

• Current period: It is the Financial Year of the currently loaded company.

• List of selected companies: Displays all the active Companies. The currently selected

company will be in bold letters

• Date of last entry Displays last voucher entry date.

Right hand side displays the pop-up menu, from where the instructions to Tally are given.

Button Panel: the buttons on the panel help you perform various functions. These buttons can be

selected simply by clicking on them. The functions of these buttons are discussed later.

Direct Command: Press Ctrl and N keys simultaneously or click on this area to activate it. Even if

the mouse does not work, you can type commands in plain English in this area and execute them.

Note on the Buttons on the Button Panel

The underlined and non-underlined buttons work differently. You will have to press Alt key and the

corresponding Function key simultaneously if an option is underlined. You can even invoke a button

just by placing the mouse-pointer on it and clicking the left mouse-button.

Accounts Configuration

Features and Configuration

We notice the buttons F11 & F12 in almost every screen, which permits to activate / de-activate

options.

Tally controls operational Features through F11: Features button and allows to configure settings

through F12: Configure button.

F11: Features button appear almost in every screen upon selecting a company. You get same option

irrespective of screen where you launch it. Features settings are Company specific. You can activate

an option for one company and de-activate the same for another company. F12 : Configure is contextsensitive.

You get different options on launching this button at different screens. Configuration option

relevant to the specific screen would appear. The settings you make through

F12:Configure is global (and not company specific), change made becomes effective for all the

companies you work with Tally.

Note :Some features like multi-currency and multi-locations, once enabled and used, cannot be

modified. the two features. Cost centers and Bill-wise details – must be activated in features screen to

be available for ledger accounts. Feature changes (F11:Features)affect only the current company but

configuration changes (F12: Configure) affect all the open companies.

Why Tally is Popular?

2009-10-29T06:04:00.000-07:00

Welcome to TALLY, a friendly business accounting software. Tally is a popular software because of

its following user-friendly features:

1. It is user-friendly and can be used, even by a novice, in the field of computers and Accounting,

thus giving you full control over every aspect of your business accounting.

2. You don’t have to wait for days on end to have a quick look at the financial status of your

Business/Firm. Tally provides you instant results.

3. You don’t have to memorise Codes for your accounts, Debtors and Creditors. Leave this to

Tally.

4. it is flexible and can be customized to suit your daily work schedules and needs, like

customizing Vouchers, Final Reports etc.

5. It is highly secured against data tampering. Different labels of security designed with different

authorities for data access and usage.

6. It has interactive online Help to bail you out from any confusion.

Requirements for installing TALLY as 6.3

• Hardware Requirements: The following minimum configuration is required by TALLY for

efficient response:

• Processor: IBM PC compatible computers with CPU’s of the Intel family 80586 or better.

• RAM or Main Memory: 32 MB suggested for Windows 98 and 64 MB for windows 2000 as

minimum.

• Disk Storage: At least 10 MB of free hard disk storage space. Tally programs require less than 3

Mb. Approximately 1 MB of space is required for every 1000 transaction.

• Installation Drive: CD ROM drive.

• Operating System Software: Tally works on all major PC operating platforms, viz. Microsoft

Windows 95 and above. In fact, the Tally pack contains the versions for Windows 95/98/ME and

Windows NT/2000 Operating Systems. Tally is able to auto-detect the operating system platform.

In a network environment, your data could reside on any file server including Windows 98/ME,

NT/2000, Netware, Unix and Linux servers.

The network protocol supported is primarily TCP/IP. Other protocols could be used with TCP/IP

running on top.

Manual Book-keeping Vs Computerized Accounting

2009-10-29T06:03:00.000-07:00

Manual Book-Keeping

In manual Book-Keeping, you first create ledgers; carry forward previous year’s closing balance as

Opening Balance for the current year. Record cash transaction in Cash Book and non-cash

transactions in Journal (or subsidiary books), then amounts from Cash Book and Journal are posted

into respective ledgers.

Whenever, you need to know balance of any ledger, you are required to total amounts in both Debit

and Credit columns of the ledger and compute the difference to derive the closing balance for the

Ledger as on that date. To prepare Final Accounts (Profit & Loss A/c, Balance Sheet) for any period,

you have to compute closing balance of ledgers for the period and then prepare a Trial Balance. From

Trial Balance, you post Nominal accounts to Profit & Loss A/c, Real & Personal ledgers to Balance

Sheet.

Next year, when you create New Year books, again you create all the ledgers afresh and enter

opening balance (a sheer repetition and monotonous job.)

Since Posting, casting, totaling and balancing – all are done manually, this leaves enough room for

errors. At the time of finalization of accounts, it’s a common scenario that Accountants are burning

mid-night oil to tally Trial balance. And even after spending few sleepless nights, if accounts do not

match, they are forced to leave an entry in Final Accounts Difference in Trial Balance having no

explanation.

Computerized Accounting

When you opt for Computerized Accounting first time, you have to create all the ledgers and enter

opening balance (in subsequent years you need not to create the Ledgers again or carry forward

previous year’s closing balance as opening balance since it would be carried forward on it’s own by

the software) and classify at this stage. Thereafter, you enter all transactions in Vouchers (different

types of Vouchers to record diverse nature of transactions). That’s all you have to do and everything

else (like posting to Ledger, preparation of Trial Balance, Final Accounts etc.) is done by the

software.

In computerized accounting, while creating new ledger, you are required to classify it suitably under

relevant accounts Group to tell the software the nature of the Ledger and where it will appear. This is

necessary at this stage as all Reports are prepared on-line the moment you enter transactions

(Vouchers). In case of Manual Book-Keeping, this classification is done at later stage (after

preparation of Trial Balance, Nominal Accounts are transferred to Profit & Loss Account through

Journal Entry, Real & Personal Accounts are posted to Balance Sheet under proper heading i.e.

Groups).

Year-end Entries

In manual book-keeping, you are required to pass Journal entries to transfer closing balance of all

nominal accounts to prepare Profit & Loss Accounts, which you are not required to do in case of

computerized accounting. The software does this job on it’s own. In next year, only closing balance

of Real and Personal accounts are carried and nominal accounts balance is zeroed by the software (for

which you pass Journal entries in manual book-keeping). The advantages are that your accounts are

always open and any modification is instantly reflected.

Vodafone's Chhota Credit --- Now do an emergency recharge from your mobile..

2009-08-29T23:40:00.000-07:00

" Sometimes getting a little extra when you really need it, could help you a lot. That´s why Vodafone brings you Chhota Credit.

So the next time you have to make that all important call and your balance is less than Rs 5, just SMS CREDIT to 144 (toll free). "This is what Vodafone has to offer its valued existing customers...Now u can actually recharge your Prepaid account Yourself withour going to the Recharge shop.. though only a meagre amount of Rs.10 only.. and that too when u have a positive balance of less than Rs.5.

Each time you use Chhota Credit, Rs 10 will be credited to your balance for a period of 7 days and this amount along with a transaction fee of Re 1 will be adjusted against your next recharge. You can make use of Chhota Credit if you have been with us for more than 3 months and have balance validity of more than 7 days.

"Well there's nothing written on how many times we can use this CREDIT at a stretch..!!! Notorious brains thinking of some money saving techniques??

Well the quoted part are the original text from Vodafone India's site.
Click Here to link to this offer's page on Vodafone's India's site.

Visit: http://www.planetofitsolutions.sosblog.com
http://www.totalonlinesolutions.blogspot.com
http://www.webphotogalery.blogspot.com
http://sites.google.com/site/everysolutionsite/

How to Import Contacts & Mails From Third Party Email Service to Gmail

2009-08-11T23:08:00.000-07:00

Gmail Labs is good at bringing out of box feature to gmail, every week or two we see a new feature getting added to gmail. Here is another good feature added to gmail this time gmail labs have simplified the process importing emails and contacts from third party email service providers like Yahoo, Hotmail, AOL.

This feature will be helpful to those users who didn’t want to switch to gmail just because of fear of losing their old email messages from third party email service. With this new feature you can now instantly migrate to Gmail from any email service by importing Contacts and emails messages.

How to Import Contacts & Email Messages from Other Email Account to Gmail

1. Login to your Gmail Account if you do not have then proceed to create new Gmail account

2. Click on Settings links

3. Under the Accounts and Import tab, click the Import mail and contacts button.

4. In the new window that opens, enter the email address of the account you’d like to import contacts from. Click Continue.

5. Enter the password for your other email account and click Continue.

6. Check option of your choice

7. Click Start Import. The import will continue if you leave the Settings page or sign out of Gmail.

8. Your contacts and/or messages will be imported.

It may take 24-48 hours before you see your imported messages, so don’t worry if they’re not there as soon as you click OK. You can check the status of your import by clicking the Accounts and Imports tab on the Settings page. Once the import is complete, you’ll see a confirmation message at the top of your inbox.

Since this new feature of gmail is being slowly rolled out this option may not appear your account.

For More Detail or To Join our Bloggers Mail us at : vikashkgarg@gmail.com

How to Delete & Remove Google Account or Close Gmail, Orkut Accounts

2009-08-11T22:44:00.000-07:00

Google has given us so many good webservices which include Gmail a

web Mail, Orkut a social networking, Web search history, book Search, Adsense, Checkout and many more. I suppose their will hardly any use who will no be happy with any of this web Service.

The Number of such users will be very very less and their will be some one at other end of this world willing to get rid of his google account or want to close or remove his Gmail or Orkut account. I have seen many users asking how to delete/close or remove Google Accounts, Gmail Account, Orkut account or all the Google Web services. Well most of the users are unaware that they can remove or delete any or all the google account and its webservices such as Gmail, Orkut etc as the link to remove and delete google account is not easily accessible. Today we are going to show you how you can delete/ remove or close Google Accounts.

How to Delete/Remove/Close Google Account and its Web services like Gmail, Orkut

1. Login/Sign in to your Google Account using http://www.google.com/account

2. Click on Edit link beside My products heading.

3. You will see two sections

i. Delete a Product :- e.g Gmail, Orkut, Google Video etc

ii Delete Account :- Delete and Close Google Account

Delete/Close Account of any Google Webservice

i. If you want to just delete or close account of any Google Webservice then follow the respective

Remove account link under “Delete a Product” section

ii. Once you click on link to “Remove … Account Permanently” A confirmation page will appear with title “Please Read Carefully”

iii. Click “Yes” to confirm and Delete Your Google Web Service Account.

Once you click yes the respective Google Web service will get deleted permanently
Delete/Close Google Account

i. If you want to Delete your Google Account then follow the link Close account and delete all services and info associated with it from Delete Account Section

ii. A page with title “Please Read Carefully” listing Google Services will appear.

iii You need to confirm and acknowledge this action and once you click Delete Google Account your Google Account will get Terminated permanently.

For Any help or be a Part of Our Blogging just mail us at : vikashkgarg@gmail.com

How to Delete & Remove Blogger Blog

2009-08-11T22:19:00.000-07:00

How to Delete, Remove Blogger Blog

Back in year 2000 there wasn’t many free blogging platform was available as well blogging was totally new concept for every one. Then first free blog providing service Blogspot(changed to Blogger) came into picture and revolution of Blogging started.

Even I had created my first blog on blogspot which I have abandoned now. The information on my blogspot blog wasn’t much important one, but this can not be case for all. You may want to delete and remove your blogger (blogspot) blog. Well then here is guide of How to delete blogspot/blogger blog.

How to Delete & Remove Blogger Blog

1. Sing in to your Blogger account.

2. Your Blogger Dashboard will list all your blogs created with this account

3. Click on Settings Link of Respective blog which you want to delete

4. A new page with blog settings will appear

5. Click on Delete blog link displays under Blog tools section

6. Confirmation Message will be displayed, Click ‘DELETE THIS BLOG’ to proceed for final deleting of Blogger Blog.

You can use ‘export it’ link to export all your blogger post published on this blog.

Breakthrough Weight Management Procedures - Articlesfreedom.com

2009-08-01T05:57:00.001-07:00

Health Sanctuary Breakthrough Weight Management Procedures
Health Sanctuary is famous for introducing latest Weight Management technologies and out of the box techniques like GX99, Thermax, Ayurveda, Vaccuum Therapy, Torque & DH Therapy, Colon Hydrotherapy, Thermo-magic etc..

Proverbs tell us that beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder, what they don’t tell us is that the most critical of beholders is you yourself. With the most discerning of glances, we look in the mirror and nine times out of ten, don’t like what we see. Sometimes it’s just a small blemish or an unflattering pair of jeans, or the ever annoying “healthy” tag that can spoil the day. Then there are happier days when we’ve assured ourselves that the starvation has paid off and the jeans are just right.
True beauty lies in the belief, a belief in the self. Working towards that belief and creating Weight Management & beauty solutions, HEALTH SANCTUARY has been in the health care sector for more than a decade and has been the force behind lakhs of satisfied clientele that have gone forth with a renewed belief . HEALTH SANCTUARY®’s bouquet of services include Weight Management, Cosmetic Surgery, Dermatology / Skin Treatments, Oxygen Bar, Laser Hair Reduction (US FDA Approved), Ayurveda, De-Stress Techniques, Nutritional Services, Health Foods etc. It is also famous for introducing latest Weight Management technologies and out of the box techniques like GX99, Thermax, Ayurveda, Vaccuum Therapy, Torque & DH Therapy, Colon Hydrotherapy, Thermo-magic etc..
After a successful presence in Delhi, Gurgaon, Faridabad and NCR, HEALTH SANCTUARY® is now fast expanding to newer markets, pan India. In addition to the metros, Health Sanctuary will be reaching out to the under-explored towns and tier II cities as well leveraging on the Franchise route. Several Company owned and Franchise Centres are already in the pipeline and the first phase target of reaching a tally of 50 HEALTH SANCTUARY® owned / exclusive brand franchisee Centers by 2010-11 is within reach. "At the same time, our drive for new products and services innovation will continue apart from adding new greener technologies that are proven safe and are as per international standards," ensures Ms Shirin, the US based Director, Health Sanctuary.

The Company is run by professionals and is headed by Ms Shubi Husain, a widely acclaimed Nutritionist, Marketing Expert and Entrepreneur. For demos of Health Sanctuary’s concept, and to have a free counseling session on services that Health Sanctuary specialises in, please contact HS Nutritionist / Counsellor at +91 9873298033.

Addresses:
South Delhi:
Health Sanctuary®
A-1/19, Safdarjung Enclave
New Delhi - 110029, India
Ph: 011-41651181 / 82, 46023841 / 46023842
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

Health Sanctuary®
C -26, Greater Kailash - I
New Delhi - 110048
Ph: 011- 46588593, 46588594
mail@hsanctuary.com, www.hsanctuary.com

North Delhi:
Health Sanctuary®
A-9, Gujranwala Town - I
Delhi - 110009, India

Ph: 011-42381844, 42381845, 9873298033
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

West Delhi:
Health Sanctuary®
J 12 / 13, Rajouri Garden,
New Delhi - 122017
Ph: 011-45130545/46/47
mail@hsanctuary.com, www.hsanctuary.com

NCR (Faridabad):
Health Sanctuary®
SCF No. 1, Sector 17 Market,
Faridabad - 121002, India

Ph: 0129-3203762, 3203746, 9873298033
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

NCR (Gurgaon):

Health Sanctuary®
8, BougainVillae Marg, (Opp, Bristol).
DLF Ph II, Gurgaon - 122002

Ph: 0124-4053911, 4057909, 4288182 / 83
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

visit: http://www.planetoftotalsolutions.blogspot.com

Health Sanctuary Launches Its Exclusive Slimming Studio At J 1213 Rajouri Garden New Delhi India - Articlesfreedom.com

2009-08-01T05:55:00.001-07:00

Health Sanctuary launches its Exclusive 'SLIMMING STUDIO' at J 12/13, Rajouri Garden, New Delhi, India

HEALTH SANCTUARY®, India's premier chain of Weight Management and Skin Care Clinics launched its exclusive SLIMMING STUDIO at J 12/13, Rajouri Garden, New Delhi, India. The launch comes close on the heals of its successful running of the Med Spa Project initiated at C - 26, GK-1, New Delhi. With the launch of its Slimming Studios, the Health Sanctuary brand has emerged stroger and is slated to expand exponentially. This also puts the company on the fast track to an accelerated expansion, wherein the company, according to a senior official, would be increasing its presence in all Metros and set up more exclusive brand franchisees.

The newly opened centre at Rajouri Garden will specifically deal with the complete range of Advanced Weight Management Procedures. This also lends credence to the oft repeated news items of Health Sanctuary being a Company famous for practising the world's latest Weight Management and out of the box technologies like the GX99, Thermax, Ayurveda, Vaccuum Therapy, Torque & DH Therapy, Colon Hydrotherapy, Thermo-magic, Thermo Sculpting etc..

These Specialised weight management procedures will complement the general services offered at HEALTH SANCTUARY which includes but are not limited to Cosmetic Surgery, Cosmetic Dermatology / Skin Treatments, Laser Treatments / Laser Hair Reduction (USFDA Approved), Ayurveda, Oxygen Bar, De-Stress Techniques, Nutritional and Medical Consultation etc.

In the words of its MD Ms Shubi Husain on the eve of the launch of the HS Slimming Studio “All efforts are directed to make accessible to everyone of you, our humble gift of adding healthy and beautiful years to your life.” In fact after joining HEALTH SANCTUARY’s various BODY SCULPTING and CONTOURING programs, one's dream of looking attractive and graceful through ages, comes true.

With the launch of its new centre, HEALTH SANCTUARY plans to continue its efforts at battling obesity and improving the general well being of the society at large. Health Sanctuary, as a decade old Pvt. Ltd Company is known to be introducing state of the art Weight Management and Skin Care technologies every couple of months. Some of their Programs are also famous by the names of Thermage, RX+, the 3 Day Weight Loss Challenge etc.

As per one of the Officials of the Company, “Branded Weight Management Products of Health Sanctuary are to hit the market in the near future”. This will catapult the Company to an elite group providing 360 degrees of Weight Management Solutions.

Health Sanctuary regularly organizes free health and nutrition camps, workshops and seminars to further its vision of establishing a healthy and prosperous society. What’s more the Lucky winner Scheme at Health Sanctuary gives one an opportunity to win prizes worth Lakhs of Rupees while being their lucky client availaing all the Services for FREE for a month. For demos of Health Sanctuary’s concept, and to have a free counseling session on services that Health Sanctuary specializes in, one can contact the Nutritionist / Counsellor at 09873298033 or just SMS HS to 53030. For further details long on to the Company website http://www.hsanctuary.com

Addresses:
South Delhi:
Health Sanctuary®
A-1/19, Safdarjung Enclave
New Delhi - 110029, India
Ph: 011-41651181 / 82, 46023841 / 46023842 9873298033

mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

Health Sanctuary®
C -26, Greater Kailash - I
New Delhi - 110048
Ph: 011- 46588593, 46588594
mail@hsanctuary.com, www.hsanctuary.com

North Delhi:
Health Sanctuary®
A-9, Gujranwala Town - I
Delhi - 110009, India

Ph: 011-42381844, 42381845, 9873298033
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

West Delhi:
Health Sanctuary®
J 12 / 13, Rajouri Garden,
New Delhi - 122017
Ph: 011-45130545/46/47
mail@hsanctuary.com, www.hsanctuary.com

NCR (Faridabad):
Health Sanctuary®
SCF No. 1, Sector 17 Market,
Faridabad - 121002, India

Ph: 0129-3203762, 3203746, 9873298033
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

NCR (Gurgaon):

Health Sanctuary®
8, BougainVillae Marg, (Opp, Bristol).
DLF Ph II, Gurgaon - 122002

Ph: 0124-4053911, 4057909, 4288182 / 83
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

Health Sanctuary Launches Its Exclusive Slimming Studio At J 1213 Rajouri Garden New Delhi India - Articlesfreedom.com

2009-08-01T05:46:00.001-07:00

HEALTH SANCTUARY in Expansion Mode, Launches Exclusive Medi SPA at GK - I

HEALTH SANCTUARY®, India's premier chain of Weight Management and Skin Care Clinics launches its exclusive Medi SPA at C-26, GK-I, New Delhi. The launch marks the 6th centre of the Health Sanctuary brand in the national capital region (NCR) and puts the company on the path to an accelerated expansion, Pan India

The company, according to a senior official, would increase its presence in all Metros and set up more exclusive brand franchisees.
The newly opened centre at Greater Kailash - I will specifically deal with advanced Cosmetic Dermatology and Skin Care, so as to improve the aesthetic quality of the skin and hair. This will complement the general services offered at HEALTH SANCTUARY which include but are not limited to Weight Management, Cosmetic Surgery, Dermatology / Skin Treatments, Oxygen Bar, Laser Treatments and Laser Hair Reduction (USFDA Approved), Ayurveda, De-Stress Techniques, Nutritional and Medical Consultation etc.
In the words of its MD Ms Shubi Husain on the eve of the launch “All efforts are directed to make accessible to everyone of you, our humble gift of adding healthy and beautiful years to your life.” In fact after joining HEALTH SANCTUARY’s various BODY SCULPTING and CONTOURING programs, one's dream of looking attractive and graceful through ages, comes true.
With the launch of its new centre, HEALTH SANCTUARY plans to continue its efforts at battling obesity and improving the general well being of the society at large. Health Sanctuary, as a decade old Pvt. Ltd Company is famous for introducing state of the art Weight Management and Skin Care technologies every couple of months. Their out of the box techniques are famous by the names of GX99, Thermax, Thermage, Thermo-Magic, RX+, the 3 Day Weight Loss Program etc.

As per one of the Officials of the Company, “Branded Weight Management Products of Health Sanctuary are to hit the market by June end”. This will catapult the Company to an elite group providing 360 degrees of Weight Management Solutions. Health Sanctuary regularly organizes free health and nutrition camps, workshops and seminars to further its vision of establishing a healthy and prosperous society. What’s more the Lucky winner Scheme at Health Sanctuary gives you an opportunity to win a prize worth Rs 50000/- and be their lucky client for the month.
For demos of Health Sanctuary’s concept, and to have a free counseling session on services that Health Sanctuary specializes in, please contact the Nutritionist / Counselor at +919873298033 or just SMS ‘HS’ to 53030

Addresses:
South Delhi:
Health Sanctuary®
A-1/19, Safdarjung Enclave
New Delhi - 110029, India
Ph: 011-41651181 / 82, 46023841 / 46023842
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

Health Sanctuary®
C -26, Greater Kailash - I
New Delhi - 110048
Ph: 011- 46588593, 46588594
mail@hsanctuary.com, www.hsanctuary.com

North Delhi:
Health Sanctuary®
A-9, Gujranwala Town - I
Delhi - 110009, India

Ph: 011-42381844, 42381845, 9873298033
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

West Delhi:
Health Sanctuary®
J 12 / 13, Rajouri Garden,
New Delhi - 122017
Ph: 011-45130545/46/47
mail@hsanctuary.com, www.hsanctuary.com

NCR (Faridabad):
Health Sanctuary®
SCF No. 1, Sector 17 Market,
Faridabad - 121002, India

Ph: 0129-3203762, 3203746, 9873298033
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

NCR (Gurgaon):

Health Sanctuary®
8, BougainVillae Marg, (Opp, Bristol).
DLF Ph II, Gurgaon - 122002

Ph: 0124-4053911, 4057909, 4288182 / 83
mail@hsanctuary.com , www.hsanctuary.com

MCA SOLVED ASSIGNMENT MCS 07 (PROJECT)

2008-09-17T22:38:00.000-07:00

MCS 07 (PROJECT)

Q. 1. Write an interactive C language to manage the study centre with menu options like student’s details, semester enrolled for, assignments submitted and marks obtained, attendance for the practical courses etc. Using the file handling concepts. The application should he designed user-friendly.

Note: You must execute the program and submit the program logic, sample input and output along with the necessary documentation for this question. Assumptions can be made wherever necessary.

Ans. C Program:

/* Include files
********************************/
#include //-------Header file for printf, scanf
#include //-------Header file for getch(), clrscr()
#include //--------Header file exit function

/************************************************
17user defined structure
************************************************/
///-----------structure used to define date data type

Struct date
{
Int dd;
Int mm;
Int yy;
};

//--------- structure to store personal details
Struct personal
{
Char fname[20];
Char mname[20];
Char lname[20];
Char address [50];
};

//------- structure to store student’s enrollment.

//----------Assumption : One student can enroll at max. One program.

Struct enrollment
{
Char program [30]; //--------program like, B.Sc , B. Tech(IT),
B. Tech. (CE)
Etc……
Int sem; //-----semester
Struct date doe;

};

//-----structure to define subject detail like name of subject, assignment submitted or not, marks
// obtained
//-----Assumption-one . student can have at max 5 courses
struct subjects
{
Char sub_nm[30];
Char ass_flag //---assigment submitton flag, ‘y’ or ‘n’
Int marks;
};

//----- student structure
Struct student
{
Int rollno;
Struct personal pers_dtl;
Struct enrollment enr_dtl;
Int subj_cnt;
Struct subjects sub_dtls[5];
};
Typedef struct student student;

/****************************************************************
Function prototypes
****************************************************************/

Void printLine(int count, char ch);
Void printHeader ();
Char printMenu();
Void continue_prog();
Void add_student (FILE *fp);
Void view_student (FILE *fp, char choice);
Void update_student (FILE *fp, char choice);

/*************************Main Program********************************/
Void main ()
//---------declaration section
Char ch, filename[20];
FILE *fp;

//--------------------file open
Fp= fopen (“z:\’\ student. Dat “,”w+”);

While (1)
{
Ch= printMenu();
Switch (ch)
{
Case ‘1’ :
Add_student(fp);
Break;
Case ‘b’ :
View_student(fp,’b’);
Break;
Case ‘c’ :
View_student(fp,’c’);
Break;
Case ‘d’ :
View_student(fp,’c’);
Break;
Case ‘A’ :
Update_student(fp,’A’);
Break;
Case ‘B’ :
Update_student(fp,’B’);
Break;
Case ‘C’ :
Update_student(fp,’C’);
Break;
Case ‘D’ :
Update_student(fp,’D’);
Break;
Case ‘4’ :
Update_student(“\n THANK YOU ………..”);
Break;
Exit(0);
}
}//----enf of while
Fclose (fp)
//--- terminate program
Printf(“\n press any key to continue ……………………….”);
Getch();

/***************************************************************
18procedure : srch_std
19purpose : search student in a file
20input :
o 1. rollno: int
o 2. fp : FILE
*Output :
Offset, if record found
-1, if not found
****************************************************************/
Int srch_std(int rolledno, FILE *fp)
{
Int num;
//------declaration section
Int pos=-1;
Student s1;
//-- search record
Fseek(fp,0,0); //--set file pointer to begin of file
While (!feof(fp))
{
Num=fsacnf(fp, “%d”, &s1.rollno);
If(num==rollno)
Pos = ftell(fp)-sizeof(s1);
}
} //--- end of while
Return pos;
}

/******************************************************************
* procedure : update_student
* purpose : Read a roll number, and display student’s details for given roll number
* Input
* 1. fp : FILE *//--pointer to a file which contain data
* 2. choice : char //--- choice for which detail is required to be viewed
*output : None
******************************************************************/
Void update_student(FILE *fp, char choice)
{
//---declaration section
Student s1;
Int rno;
Int cno;
Int pos,
Int I;
//--- Enter rollno to be viewed
Printf(“\n Enter Roll number to be viewed :”);
Scanf(“%d”, &rno);

//---- Search student record with entered rollno from a file
Pos =srch_std;
//---if record not found
If(pos== -1)
{
Printf(“\n No record found for %d rollno”, rno);
Return;
}
//---If record found
Ftell(fp);
printHeder();
fscanf(fp, “%d”, &s1. rollno);
printf (“\nStudent Rollno : %d”,s1:rollno);
switch(choice)
{
Case ‘A’ ://--- personal detil
Printf(“\n*******************personal details************);
Printf(“\nEnter firstname middlename LastName : “);
Scanf(“%s %s %s”, &s1.pers_dt1.fname, &s1.pers_dt1.mname,&s1.pers_dt1.lname);
Fprintf (“%s %s %s”, &s1.pers_dt1.fname, &s1.pers_dt1.mname,&s1.pers_dt1.lname);
Printf (“\n Enter Address : ”);

scanf("%s", &s1.pers_dt1.address);
fprintf(fp, "%s", &s1.pers_dt1.address);
printf("\nEnter Date of birth (dd-mm-yy) : ");
scanf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.yy);
fprintf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.yy);

printf("\n*********************************************);
break;

case 'B': //......enrollment detail
printf("\n\n***********Enrollment Detail*****************);
printf("\nEnter program Name :");
scanf("%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.program);
fprintf(fp, "%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.program);

printf("\nEnter semester :");
scanf("%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.sem);
fprintf(fp, "%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.sem);
printf("\nEnter Date of enrollment (dd-mm-yy) : ");
scanf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.yy);
fprintf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.yy);
printf("\n*********************************************);
break;

case 'C': //--- assignment details
printf(************Assignment Detiail******************);
for( i=0; i {
printf ("\nsubject %s :" ,s1.sub_dtls[i].sub_nm);
printf ("submitted ?(y/n) ;");
scanf("%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag);
fprintf(fp, "%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag);
scanf("%c ", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag[i].ass_flag);
fprintf(fp, "%c ", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag[i].ass_flag);
}
break;

case 'D': //--- marks details
printf(************Marks Detiail******************);
for( i=0; i {
printf ("\nEnter Mark For subject %s :" ,s1.sub_dtls[i].sub_nm);
scanf("%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].marks);
fprintf(fp, "%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].marks);
}
break;
}
//----update record in file
ftell (fp);
//fwrite (&s1, sizeof (s1),1,fp);

continue_prog();
/***************************************************
*procedure : view_student
*purpose Read a roll number, and dislay student's details for given roll number
* input
*1. fp : File * // ***** pointer to a file which contain data
* 2. choice : char. //---choice for which detail is requried to be viewed
* output : None
**************************************************/
void view_student(FILE * fb, char choice)
{
//----declaration section
student s1;
int rno;
int pos;
int i;
int count;
//--- Enter rollno to be viewed
printf("\nEnter Roll Number to be Viewed :");
scanf("%d", &rno);

//--- Search student record with entered rollno from a file pos=srch_std;

//--- if record not found
if(pos== -1)
{
printf("\n No record found for %d rollno", rno);
return;
}

//--- if record found
ftell (fp);
//fread(&s1,sizeof(s1),1,fp);
printHeader();
fseek(fp,oL,0);
fscanf(fp," %d", &s.rollno);
printf("\nRoll no %d :" , s1.rollno);
swithch(choice)
{
Case ‘A’ ://--- personal detail
Printf(“\n*******************personal details************);
Printf(“\nEnter Firstname Middlename LastName : “);
Scanf(“%s %s %s”, &s1.pers_dt1.fname, &s1.pers_dt1.mname,&s1.pers_dt1.lname);
Fprintf (“%s %s %s”, &s1.pers_dt1.fname, &s1.pers_dt1.mname,&s1.pers_dt1.lname);
Printf (“\n Enter Address : ”);
scanf("%s", &s1.pers_dt1.address);
fprintf(fp, "%s", &s1.pers_dt1.address);
printf("\nEnter Date of birth (dd-mm-yy) : ");
scanf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.yy);
fprintf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.yy);

printf("\n*********************************************);
break;

case 'B': //......enrollment detail
printf("\n\n***********Enrollment Detail*****************);
printf("\nEnter program Name :");
scanf("%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.program);
fprintf(fp, "%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.program);

printf("\nEnter semester :");
scanf("%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.sem);
fprintf(fp, "%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.sem);
printf("\nEnter Date of enrollment (dd-mm-yy) : ");
scanf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.doe.yy);
fprintf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.doe.yy);
printf("\n*********************************************);
break;

case 'C': //--- assignment details
printf(************Assignment Detiail******************);
for( i=0; i {
printf ("\nsubject %s :" ,s1.sub_dtls[i].sub_nm);
printf ("submitted ?(y/n) ;");
scanf("%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag);
fprintf(fp, "%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag);
scanf("%c ", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag[i].ass_flag);
fprintf(fp, "%c ", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag[i].ass_flag);

}
break;

case 'D': //--- marks details
printf(************Marks Detiail******************);
for( i=0; i {
printf ("\nEnter Mark For subject %s :" ,s1.sub_dtls[i].sub_nm);
scanf("%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].marks);
fprintf(fp, "%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].marks);
}
break;
}

continue_prog();

/***************************************************************
* procedure : continue_prog
*purpose : print a message. Halt for trigger and switch to menu.
*Input : None
* Output : None
***********************************************************/

void continue_prog()
{
printf("\n\t\tpress any key to continue........");
getch();
}

/*************************************************************
* percedure : add_student(fp)
* purpose : Add new student record in file
* Input : fp : FILE"
* Output : None
***********************************************************/

void add_student(FILE *fp)
{
//---- declaraton section
student s1;
int i;
//-- read of input data
ptintHeader();

printf("\nEnter Student Roll number :");
scanf("%d", &s1.rollno);
fprintf(fp," %d",s1.rollno);
//---- check , does this student exist
if(srch_std(s1.rollno, fp) != -1)
{
printf("\nSorry, this rollno already exist");
continue_prog();
}
//----Enter Personal Detail
Printf(“\n*******************personal details************);
Printf(“\nEnter Firstname Middlename LastName : “);
Scanf(“%s %s %s”, &s1.pers_dt1.fname, &s1.pers_dt1.mname,&s1.pers_dt1.lname);
Fprintf (“%s %s %s”, &s1.pers_dt1.fname, &s1.pers_dt1.mname,&s1.pers_dt1.lname);
Printf (“\n Enter Address : ”);
scanf("%s", &s1.pers_dt1.address);
fprintf(fp, "%s", &s1.pers_dt1.address);
printf("\nEnter Date of birth (dd-mm-yy) : ");
scanf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.yy);
fprintf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.yy);

printf("\n*********************************************);

//......enrollment detail
printf("\n\n***********Enrollment Detail*****************);
printf("\nEnter program Name :");
scanf("%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.program);
fprintf(fp, "%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.program);

printf("\nEnter semester :");
scanf("%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.sem);
fprintf(fp, "%s",&s1.enr1_dt1.sem);
printf("\nEnter Date of enrollment (dd-mm-yy) : ");
scanf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.doe.yy);
fprintf("%d, %d, %d ", &s1.pers_dt1.dob.dd, &s1.pers_dt1.dob.mm, &s1.pers_dt1.doe.yy);
printf("\n*********************************************);

printf("\n\n***********Subjecct details****************************);
printf("\n How many subject enrolled :");
scanf ("%d",&s1.subj_cnt);
fprintf(fp," %d",s1.subj_cnt);
for( i=0; i {
printf("\nSubject Name :");
scanf("%s",&s1.sub_dtls[i].sub_nm);
fprintf(fp," %s", s1.sub_dtls[i].sub_nm);
s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag='n';
s1.sub_dtls[i].marks=0;
}

//--- assignment details
printf(************Assignment Detiail******************);
for( i=0; i {
printf ("\nsubject %s :" ,s1.sub_dtls[i].sub_nm);
printf ("submitted ?(y/n) ;");
scanf("\n%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag);
fprintf(fp, "%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag);
scanf("%c ", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag[i].ass_flag);
fprintf(fp, "%c ", &s1.sub_dtls[i].ass_flag[i].ass_flag);

}
//--- marks details
printf(************Marks Detiail******************);
for( i=0; i {
printf ("\nEnter Mark For subject %s :" ,s1.sub_dtls[i].sub_nm);
scanf("%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].marks);
fprintf(fp, "%c", &s1.sub_dtls[i].marks);
}

//----insert student's record in file
fseek (fp, -1, SEEK_END));
//fwrite (&s1, sizeof (s1),1,fp);

continue_prog();
}

/*******************************************************************************
* prpcedure : printLine
*purpose : print a line with repeatation of chararctaer symbol
*Input :
** 1.count: int => specifies number of times a character to be printed
* 2.ch :- char=>specifies symbol to be printed
* Output : None
********************************************************************/
void printLine(int count, char ch)
{
int i;
printf("\n");
for(i=0; i {
printf("%c",ch);
}
}
/**********************************************************
*procedure : printHeader
*purpose : print page header
* Input : None
*Output : None
***********************************************************/

void printHeader()
{
clrscr();
printLine (80,'*');
printLine (80,'*');
printLine (20,'*');
printLine("STUDENT MAANGEMENT SYSTEM");
printLine(80,'*');
printLine(80,'*');
}

/*****************************************************************
* Procedure : printMenu
* Purpose : print Header, and Menu. Read choice from user input
and
return
* Input : None
*output :
* 1. ch : char=> specifies choice ('1' or '2' or '3' )
****************************************************************/
char printMenu()
{
char ch; //******* ****************Main Menu*************************
main_menu;
while(ch<'1'|| ch>'4'
{
printHeader();
printf("\n1'. Add A Student Record : ");
printf("\n2'. Add A Student Record : ");
printf("\n3'. Add A Student Record : ");
printf("\n4'. Exit : ");
printLine(40, "-");
printf("\n Enter your choice : ");
flushall();
scanf("%c",&ch);

printLine(40, '-' );
if(ch< '1' || ch>'4')
{
printf("\n Enter Valid choice. Please try again. ")
printf("\n Press any key to continue");
getch();
}
printLine(80, '*');

if(ch=='1' || ch== '4') //---- if ch is '1', return for
add_student, process '4' for exit.

return ch;
else if (ch=='2') //------ display view menu.
{
while(ch<'a' || > 'e')
{
PrintHeader();
printf(" \na. view Personal Detail " );
printf(" \nb. view Emrollment Detail " );
printf(" \nc. view Assignment Detail " );
printf(" \nd. view Marks " );
printf(" \ne. Back previous menu ");
scanf("%c",&ch);

if(ch<'a' ||>'e')
{
printLine(40, '_');
printf(" \n Enter Valid Choice Please try again . " );
printf("\n Press any key to continue.. " );
printLine(80, '*');
}
}
if (ch= ='e')
goto main_menu;
else
return ch;
}
else if (ch==3) //----- display update menu
{
while(ch< 'A' || ch> 'E')
{
PrintHeader();
printf(" \nA. view Personal Detail " );
printf(" \nB. view Emrollment Detail " );
printf(" \nC. view Assignment Detail " );
printf(" \nD. view Marks " );
printf(" \nE. Back previous menu ");
scanf("%c",&ch);

if(ch<'a' ||>'E')
{
printLine(40, '_');
printf(" \n Enter Valid Choice Please try again . " );
printf("\n Press any key to continue.. " );
printLine(80, '*');
}
}
if (ch= ='E')
goto main_menu;
else
return ch;
} //----end of update menu
}
}

Q2. Write an assembly language program to accept a decimal number and display its hexadecimal equivalent.
Ans:
; decibin - get decimal digits from keyboard
; and convert them to binary in BX regoster

. model tiny
.code
.startup
;-------------------------------

; main program loop

start :

call read_num
call print_crlf
call print_hex
call print_crlf
jmp start ; loop endlessly

; *****************************************************************
; print_crlf
; prints out a carriage return and linefeed
; *****************************************************************

print_crlf proc
mov ah, 2h ; print character function
mov dl, 0dh ; carriage return
int 2lh ; print it
mov dl, 0ah ; linefeed
int 21h ; print it

ret
print_crlf endp

; ***************************************************************************
; read_num
; reads a number from keyboard input
; and stores it in BX in binary
; ***************************************************************************

read_nem proc

mov bx, 0h ; clear bx for number
;
; get digit form keybard and
; conevrt it to binary
;
newchar :
mov ah 1h ; keyboard input function
int 21h ; execute ^ with dos
sub a1, 30h ; ascii to binary
j1 endinpt ; jump if < 0
cmp a1, 9d ; is it > 9d?
jg endinpt ; yes, not decimal digit
cbw ; byte in a1 to wrod in ax

; digit is new in AX
; multiply number in Bx 10d

xchg ax, bx ; trade digit and number
mov cx, 10d ; put 10d in CX
mul cx ; number times 10d
xchg ax, bx ; trade number and digit
;
; add digit in AX to number in BX
;
add bx, ax ; add digit to number
jmp newchar ; get next digit
;
; check to see wht they entered
; if nothing, exit
; otherwise, return from process
;
endinpt :
emp bx, 0h ; is it 0?
jne return ; nope, return from process
exit ; yup, exit program
return :

ret
read_num endp

; **************************************************************
; print_hex
; print in hex to the sereen the contents of
; BX
; *************************************************************
print_hex proc

mov ch, 4h ; number fo digits to print

; start with first digit in Bx
; register

rotate:
mov c1, 4h ; set count to 4 bits
rol bx, cl ; left digit to right

; convert to number
mov a1, b1 ; mov to AL
and a1, 0fh ; mask off digit
add a1, 30h ; convert hex to ascii
cmp a1, 3ah ; is it > 9?
jl printit ; jump if digit =0 to 9
add a1, 27h ; digit is A to F

; print the digit in
; the AL register

printit :
mov dl, al ; put ASCII char inDL
mov ah, 2h ; display output function
int 21h ; call DOS
dec ch ; done 4 digit =0 to 9
jnz rotate ; not yet

; fallthrough and return
ret
print_hex endp
end

Q.3 Write a program to evaluates 4*(4^2)+3x +7 if flag = = or evaluates 9x+3 if flag = = 0. Assume x is a 16-bit unsigned number.

Ans.
.model small
.data
prompt1 db = " enter the number for flag "
prompt2 db = " enter the number X "
prompt3 db = " the result is "
X db ?
num db ?

.code
disp prompt1
call read_num
print _crlf ; read the number for flag
mov ax,num
add ax, num
jnc f0
disp prompt2
set ; check if carry flag
call read_num
print_crlf

mov ax,x
f1:
mul ax
mul 4
mov dx, ax
mul 3
add ax,dx
add ax, 07
jmp exit
f0 : mul 09
add ax,03
jmp exit

disp prompt3

; *********************************************************************************
; print_crif
; print out a carriage return and linefeed
; ********************************************************************************

print_crlf proc
mov ah, 2h ; print character function
mov dl, 0dh ; carriage return
int 21h ; print it
dl, 0ah ; linefeed
int 21h ; print it
ret
print_crlf endp

; ********************************************************************************
; reads number from keyboard
; ********************************************************************************

read_num proc
mov bx, oh ; clear bx for number
int 21h ; execute ^ with dos
sub a1, 30h ; ascii to binary
j1 endinpt ; jump if < 0
cmp a1, 9d ; is it > 9d?
jg endinpt ; yes, not decimal digit
cbw ; byre in a1 to word in ax

; digit is now in AX
; multiply number in BX by 10d

xchg ax, bx ; trade digit and number
mov cx, 10d ' put 10d in CX
mul cx ; number times 10d
xchg ax, bx ; trade number and digit

;
; add digit in AX to number in BX
;

add bx, ax ; add digit to number
jup newchar ; get next digit

; check to see what they entered
; if nothing, exit
; otherwise, return form process

endinpt :
cmp bx, 0h ; is it 0?
jne return ; return from process
exit
return :
ret
read_num endp
disp macro msg
mov ah, 09h
lea dx, msg
int 21h
disp endm

Exit : mov ax, 4c00h
int 21h

; ***************************************************************************
; OUTPUT
; ***************************************************************************

enter the number for flag 5
enter the number X 2
the result is 21

Q.4 Write a program, which reads two decimal numbers, multiply them and display the product in decimal.

Ans.
.model small
.Data
Prompt1 db “Enter first number”
Prompt2 db “Enter second number”
Prompt3 db “The result is ”
.code
Disp macro msg
Mov ah, 09h
Int 21h
: disp endm
Call read_num
Mov ax, x
Cmp flag, 00
Je f0
F1: mul ax
Mul 3
Add ax, dx
Add ax, 07
Jmp exit
F0 mul 09
Add ax, 03

Disp prompt1
Call read_num
Mov bx, ax
Print clf
Disp prompt2
Call read_num
Mul bx
Print clf
Disp prompt3
Call write_num

Exit: mov ax, 4c00h
Int 21h

;**************************************************************************************
Read the decimal number
;**************************************************************************************

Read_num proc
Mov bx, 0h ; clear bx for number
; get digit form keyboard and
Newchar:
Mov ah 1h ; keyboard input function
Int 21h ; execute ^ with dos
Sub a1, 30h ; ascii to binary
J1 endinpt ; jump if < 0
Cmp a1, 9d ; is it > 9d?
Jg endinpt ; yes, not decimal digit
Cbw ; byre in a1 to word in ax

; digit is now in AX
; multiply number in BX by 10d

Xchg ax, bx ; trade digit and number
Mov cx, 10d ; put 10d in CX
Mul cx ; number times 10d
Xchg ax, bx ; trade number and digit

; add digit in AX to number in BX

Add bx, ax ; add digit to number
Jmp newchar ; get next digit

; check to see what they entered
; if nothing, exit
; otherwise, return from process
Endinpt:
Cmp bx, 0h ; is it 0?
Jne return ; return from process
Exit ; exit program

Return: ret
Read_num. endp

;************************************************************************************
; display the decimal number
;************************************************************************************

Write_num proc
Push dx ; save the values of all
Registers
Push cx
Push bx
Push ax

Mov cx, 0
Lea di, buffer_B+6
Mov bx, 10
B2: mov dx, 0
Div bx
Or d1, 30h ; separate each digit
Dec di
Mov [di ], d1 ; form the array of digits
Inc cx
Or ax, ax
Jnz b2

B3: mov ah, 2 ; display each digit
Mov d1, [di]
Int 21h
Inc di
Loop b3 ; continue till all digits displayed

Pop dx
Pop cx
Pop bx
Pop ax

Return: ret
Write_num endp

;******************************************************************************************; print_crlf
; prints out a carriage return and linefeed
;******************************************************************************************

Print_crlf proc

Mov ah, 2h ; print character function
Mov d1, 0dh ; carriage return
Int 21h ; print it
Mov d1, 0ah ; linefeed
Int 21h ; print it

Ret
Print_crlf end
End

;******************************************************************************************
OUTPUT
;******************************************************************************************

Enter first number: 8
Enter second number: 6
The result is: 48

Q.5 Write an assembly language program to implement a stack

Ans.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; use of stack to print reverse of string
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.model tiny
.stack 100h
.code
Mov cx, 0
Read_char: mov ah, 1 ; read character typed by programmer
Int 21h
Cmp a1, 0dh ; if enter key pressed go to endof
Line
Je end_of_line

Push ax ; push character in stack
Inc cx ; increment count_of_char
Jmp read_char ; go to read_char

End_of_line : pop dx ; pop character form stack
Mov ah,2 ; display poped character
Int 21h
Loop end_of_line ; if count_of_char>0 goto
End_of_line
Int 20h

;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; OUTPUT
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
dbcd
dcba

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MCA SOLVED ASSIGNMENTS MCS 015

2008-09-16T22:35:00.000-07:00

MCS 015
Communication Skills

Q1. Read the following passage carefully.

Psychoanalysts treat their patients by delving into their past – often their early years of childhood – in an attempt to help them understand present feelings and behavior. Consultants try to understand their clients’ history and track record in an attempt to identify the roots of failure or the seeds of success.
In some respects, consultants have an easier job; they can look over past balance sheets and profit and loss statements in order to analyze the management of assets, profitability and cost control. They can follow the company’s history through from its initial successes with perhaps a single product to its present-day range of products or services. They can study the organizational structure of the company, marketing and personnel policies, even the physical layout of offices and factory.
However, putting their finger on why one company fails and another succeeds is not always so easy. Companies look outside for this advice because they cannot find the answers themselves. They hope that the consultant will be able to draw on his or her wider experience – perhaps recognize a symptom that he has previously encountered. Then perhaps he or she will be able to diagnose their ills, prescribe a course of treatment for recovery and recommend a new life-style to ensure future health and prosperity.
Now answer the following questions:

i. Why do Psychoanalysts and consultants need to delve into the past of their patients and clients?
Answer:
Psychoanalysts and consultants need to delve into the past of their patients and clients so that they could know the reasons for their failure or success.

ii. Why do you think a consultant’s job is easier than a Psychoanalyst?
Answer:
A consultant’s job is easier than a Psychoanalyst because they can look into companies balance sheets and profit and loss statements in order to analyse the management of assets, profitability and cost control.

iii. Companies evidently want help from consultants from time to time. Why? Discuss.

Answer:
Companies want help from consultants from time to time because companies cannot find the answers themselves. They hope that consultant will be able to diagnose their ills and prescribe treatment for recovery.

Iv. Taking the passage as the basis, write in about 100 words. “The role of a consultant in a company”.

Consultants try to understand their clients’ history and track record in an attempt to identify the roots of failure or the seeds of success. consultants have an easier job. they can look over past balance sheets and profit and loss statements in order to analyse the management of assets, profitability and cost control. They can follow the company’s history through from its initial successes with perhaps a single product to its present-day range of products or services. They can study the organizational structure of the company, marketing and personnel policies, even the physical layout of offices and factory.

v. Give an appropriate title to the passage.

Answer:
“Lead Consultants“ is the title for the passage.
Q2(a). Match the following words from the text in column A with their meanings in column B:
Answer.

Word Meaning
i To delve a Dig, try to uncover
ii Track record b History of achievements
iii Roots c Origins, beginnings
iv Seeds d Origins, causes
v Layout e Configuration
vi To put your finger on f Use, refer to
vii To restore g Bring back to original form
viii Encounter h Come across

Q2(b). As we saw in the passage, it is possible to draw parallels between business and human health. Match the common medical terms with their business equivalents.
Answer.

Medical Term Business term
i Symptom a Sign/indicator
ii Diagnose b Identify/conclude
iii Medical history c Track record
iv Course of treatment d Policy/strategy
v Recovery e Turn-around

Q5. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets:
Answer.
i) The consultant had never worked in London before she got this contract.
ii) She recently decided to move to London.
iii) She was driving to London when the storm began.
iv) While the manager was talking to the consultant, the employees packed the prints ready for dispatch.
v) Is that what those men were working on when I came in?
vi) Unless we invest in our staff, they will not stay with the company.
vii) After the initial launch, we plan to extend it to the rest of the country.
viii) We would be doing much better if we had not wasted so much money last year.
Q6. Complete the following phrasal verb in the sentences by inserting an appropriate adverb.
Answer.
i) I can’t get to Munich this week, so I’m going to put off my visit till next week.
ii) Despite our efforts, the negotiations have broken down again.
iii) I’m very relieved that the workers have called the strike off.
iv) Before you leave, make sure that you shut down the computer system.
v) I look forward to seeing you in the near future.
vi) To get through security, you’ll have to fill up a form.
vii) I’m afraid I didn’t understand that point. Could we come up to it afterwards?
viii) We’ve decided to increase our offer; we’ve put it up by $ 30,000.
ix) Let’s throw this idea away and see if it has any potential.
x) He ran into an enormous telephone bill.
Q8. Mark the stress in the following words:
i. Delve
ii. Psychoanalysts
iii. Consultant
iv. Assess
v. Organization
vi. Identify
vii. Profitability
viii. Recommend
ix. Experience
x. Personnel

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MCA SOLVED ASSIGNMENTS OF MCS 014

2008-09-16T22:34:00.000-07:00

`question 2: prepare data flow diagram to the required level for the above said problem mentioned a problem to cover the process?
Answer: the component of a design method is data flow diagram :
Data flow diagram : have been used for many years prior to the
Advent of computer .DFD show the flow of data through a system .the system may be a company ,an organization a set of procedure a computer hardware system a software system or any combination of the proceeding the DFD also known as data fl ow graph or a bubble chart also. the following information about DFD are important
1) All name should be unique this makes it easier to refer to items of the DFD.
2) Remember that the DFD is now a flow chart .arrows in a flow chart representation the order of events ;arrow in DFD represent following data .a DFD does not imply any order events ./
3) Suppress logical decision if we ever have the urge a diamond shaped box is used in flow chart to represent decision point with multiple exit path of which only one is taken this implies as odering of events which makes no sense in DFD
4) Do not become bogeed down in a details
5) Defer ereo condition and eror handling until the end of the analysis .

bh

Question :3 prepare an entity relationship diagram for the billing application of a petrol retail outler consider all the related entity attributes and relationships .
Answer :

Question:4
with the help pf an example for each, discuss the significance and the Gantt chart, pert chart and HIPO chart.
Answer:
PERT chart- Prior to the development of PERT the most popular technique for project scheduling. This chart show a graphical representation of work on a time scale.pert is concern with probability there is a expected of critical path in this method the project duration has associated probability

Gantt Chart- it is a project control technique that can be used for several purposes, including scheduling, budgeting and resources planning. It is used almost exclusively for scheduling purposes, and therefore controls only the time dimension of projects.

HIPO- It is a tool commonly used for developing system software. (Hierarchy plus Input- Process-Output) Pronounced”hy-po.” An IBM flow- charting technique that provides a graphical method for designing and documenting program .
This method was originally developed to provide documentation assistance for programmers/analysts.

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MCA SOLVE ASSIGNMENTS MCS - 012

2008-09-16T22:33:00.000-07:00

Question 1(a) use and bit binary representation for integer using signed 2’s compliment notation. Use this representation to performing the following operations on decimal numbers.
1. add -52 and 60
Solution.
00110100 (52)
00111100 (60)

11001100 (-52)
00111100 (60)
100001000

1 is discarded

2. subtract 20-100

00010100 (20)
01100100 (100)
01111000 (120)

(b) Convert the hexadecimal number F5B6D3 to binary and octal.
Solution.
(15, 5, 11, 6, 13, 3)
(001111 00101, 01011, 00110, 01101, 00011)

d) Draw a logical diagram of a 2×4 line decoder with only NOR gate. Include an enable input E so that the circuit is enabled when E-1 and disabled when E=0. Also list the truth table.

n=Input
2n=Output
Single enable line

I0 O0
O1
O2
I1 O3

E

N=2
2n = 22 = 4

TRUTH TABLE

input output
I0 I0 O0 O1 O2 O3
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 1 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 0 0 0 1

f) Representation the number (55.5)10 on a floating- point binary number with 24 bits. The normalized fraction mantissa has 16 bits and the exponent has 8 bits.
Solution. Here mantissa has = 16 bits
Exponent =8 bits
Now floating point ALU.

(5.5)10

Here base=10
Floating point no.
3.5
It’s a higher positive no:-

5 * (0.5)10

5 + (0.5)10 * 2 -128

5 + 0.5 * 2-128
Mantissa representation

Question.2 Design a counter with the following represented binary sequence.
0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 using JK flip-flop.
J and K Flip-flop

Counters in flip-flop:- a counter is register whose values are incremented by 1 on the occurrence of some event. When the value is stored in counter reaches the man value it can store the next incremented value becomes 0(zero).The counter are used for counting the no of times of on event occurs and are useful for generating the timing. Signals for controlling the sequence of operation in digital computers.

Diagram for Flip-flop

(c)Pipelining:- It is a technique of decomposing a sequential process into sub operations, with each sub process being executed in a special dedicated segment that operates concurrently with all other segments. A pipelining can visualize as a collection of processing segment through which binary information flows.

Latency time: - time taken by a head to search a track and. It is read all data from any track.

Raid:-Raid is method which is use for mapping the data and mirroring the data.

Example:-

Mirroring of data

VON NEUMEN COMPUTER

d) Difference between CD – ROM and DVD ROM

CD – ROM
CD- compact disk ROM is uses for reading
the data of CD and it is a hardware device. DVD – ROM
DVD- ROM uses for reading DVD’s data and it is also a DVD device. It is beneficial for reading the data from DVD.

Question3.

Right shift:-
11100011
After right shifting

1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1

After left shift:-
1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0

Question3 (b) simplify the following Boolean function in sum of products forms by a four variable K-map. Draw the logical with (a) OR-NAND gate (b) NOR gate.
F(a,b,c,d)= €( 1,3,5,6,7,9,11,14,15)

AB/CD C¯D¯ C¯D CD CD¯
A¯B¯ 0 1 3 2
A¯B 4 5 7 6
AB 12 13 15 14
AB¯ 8 9 11 10

F= A¯B¯D + A¯C¯D + ABC + BCD¯ + ACD

A B C D

Question 4(c) semiconductor memory: - the first memory chip was constructed in 1970 and could held 256 bits that means 28 .
Microprocessor: - Firstly is developed in 1971. In 1993, Intel annoc Pentium with 64 bits microprocessor.

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MCA SOLVED ASSIGNMENTS

2008-09-16T22:21:00.000-07:00

MCS 011
Problem Solving and Programming

Q1: The factorial of non-negative integer n is written n! and is defined as follows:
n! = n * (n – 1) * (n – 2) . …. .1 (for values of n greater than or equal to 1).
and
n! = 1 (for n =0).
Perform the following:
1. Write a C program that reads a non-negative integer and computes and prints its factorial.

#include

main()
{
int n,i,fact=1;
clrscr();
start:
printf("Enter n value: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
if(n<0)
{
printf("Please enter non-negetive value\n");
goto start;
}
for(i = 1;i<=n;i++)
{
fact = fact*i;
}
printf("Factorial of %d is %d\n",n,fact);
getch();
}

2. Write a C program that estimates the value of the mathematical constant e by using the formula: e = 1 + 1/1! + 1/2! + 1/3! + …..

#include
main()
{
int n,i,f=1,j;
float e = 1.0;
clrscr();
start:
printf("Enter n value: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
if(n<0)
{
printf("Please enter non-negetive value\n");
goto start;
}
for(i = 1;i<=n;i++)
{
for(j = 1;j<=i;j++)
{
f = f*j;
}
e=e+((float)1/f);
f=1;
}
printf("Result is: %f\n",(float)e);
getch();
}

3. Write a C program that computes the value ex by using the formula
ex= 1 + x/1! + x2/2! + x3/3! + …..

#include
#include

main()
{
int n,i,f=1,j,x;
float e = 1.0;
clrscr();
start:
printf("Enter n value: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter x value: ");
scanf("%d",&x);
if(n<0)
{
printf("Please enter non-negetive n value\n");
goto start;
}
if(x<0)
{
printf("Please enter non-negetive x value\n");
goto start;
}
for(i = 1;i<=n;i++)
{
for(j = 1;j<=i;j++)
{
f = f*j;
}
e = e+((float)pow(x,i)/f);
f = 1;
}
printf("Result e^x = %f\n",(float)pow(e,x));
getche();
}

Q2: Write a program to print this triangle:
*
**
*
****
*
******
*
********
*
**********
Don't use ten printf statements; use two nested loops instead. You'll have to use braces around the body of the outer loop if it contains multiple statements.

#include
main()
{
int i,j;
clrscr();
printf("Triangle\n\n");
for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
{
/* if i is odd number print sigle star*/
if(i%2 != 0)
printf("*");
else
{
/* if i is even number*/
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
{
printf("*");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
getche();
}

Q3: The standard library contains a function called atoi, which takes a string (presumably a string of digits) and converts it to an integer. For example, atoi(“345”) would return the integer 345. Write a program that reads lines (using getline), converts each line to an integer using atoi, and computes the average of all the numbers read. Also compute the standard deviation.

#include
#include

main()
{
char str[40];
int i,l,c=0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter line no:");
scanf("%d",&l);
for(i=0;i<=l;i++)
{
gets(str);
c=c+atoi(str); s
}
printf("Avg is: %f",(float)c/l);
getche();
}

Q4: Write the function int countchtr(char string[ ], int ch);
which returns the number of times the character ch appears in the string. For example, the call
countchtr(“She lives in NEWYORK”, ‘e’)
would return 3.


#include 

#define Max 50 

int countchar(char[Max], char); 



main() 

{ 

char str1[Max],ch1; 

int c; 

clrscr(); 

printf("Enter string: "); 

gets(str1); 

printf("Enter char which u want to count: "); 

scanf("%c",&ch1); 

c = countchar(str1,ch1); 

printf("Count is: %d",c); 

getch(); 

} 

int countchar(char str[], char ch) 

{ 

int i,count=0; 

for(i=0;i{ 

if(str[i]==ch) 

count = count+1; 

} 

return count; 

}

Q5:

Write a program that takes three variables (a, b, c) in as separate parameters and rotates the values stored so that value a goes to b, b, to c and c to a.

#include
main()
{
char ch1;
char ch2;
char ch3;
char temp;
clrscr();
printf("Enter characters: \n");
scanf("%c %c %c",&ch1,&ch2,&ch3);
printf("Rotated list is: \n");
temp = ch1;
ch1 = ch2;
ch2 = ch3;
ch3 = temp;
printf("%c\t",ch1);
printf("%c\t",ch2);
printf("%c",ch3);
getche();
}

for more information contact at : masteragarwal@yahoo.com

casino card game

Prep for the Top 10 Interview Questions

2008-07-16T22:40:00.000-07:00

Prep for the Top 10 Interview Questions

Too many job seekers stumble through interviews as if the questions are coming out of left field. But many interview questions are to be expected. Study this list and plan your answers ahead of time so you’ll be ready to deliver them with confidence.

What Are Your Weaknesses?
This is the most dreaded question of all. Handle it by minimizing your weakness and emphasizing your strengths. Stay away from personal qualities and concentrate on professional traits: “I am always working on improving my communication skills to be a more effective presenter. I recently joined Toastmasters, which I find very helpful.”

Why Should We Hire You?
Summarize your experiences: “With five years’ experience working in the financial industry and my proven record of saving the company money, I could make a big difference in your company. I’m confident I would be a great addition to your team.”
Why Do You Want to Work Here?
The interviewer is listening for an answer that indicates you’ve given this some thought and are not sending out resumes just because there is an opening. For example, “I’ve selected key companies whose mission statements are in line with my values, where I know I could be excited about what the company does, and this
company is very high on my list of desirable choices.”

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What Are Your Goals?

Sometimes it’s best to talk about short-term and intermediate goals rather than locking yourself into the distant future. For example, “My immediate goal is to get a job in a growth-oriented company. My long-term goal will depend on where the company goes. I hope to eventually grow into a position of responsibility.”

Why Did You Leave (Or Why Are You Leaving) Your Job?
If you’re unemployed, state your reason for leaving in a positive context: “I managed to survive two rounds of corporate downsizing, but the third round was a 20 percent reduction in the workforce, which included me.”
If you are employed, focus on what you want in your next job: “After two years, I made the decision to look for a company that is team-focused, where I can add my experience.”

When Were You Most Satisfied in Your Job?
The interviewer wants to know what motivates you. If you can relate an example of a job or project when you were excited, the interviewer will get an idea of your preferences. “I was very satisfied in my last job, because I worked directly with the customers and their problems; that is an important part of the job for me.”

What Can You Do for Us That Other Candidates Can’t?
What makes you unique? This will take an assessment of your experiences, skills and traits. Summarize concisely: “I have a unique combination of strong technical skills, and the ability to build strong customer relationships. This allows me to use my knowledge and break down information to be more user-friendly.”

What Are Three Positive Things Your Last Boss Would Say About You?
It’s time to pull out your old performance appraisals and boss’s quotes. This is a great way to brag about yourself through someone else’s words: “My boss has told me that I am the best designer he has ever had. He knows he can rely on me, and he likes my sense of humor.”

What Salary Are You Seeking?
It is to your advantage if the employer tells you the range first. Prepare by knowing the going rate in your area, and your bottom line or walk-away point. One possible answer would be: “I am sure when the time comes, we can agree on a reasonable amount. In what range do you typically pay someone with my background?”

If You Were an Animal, Which One Would You Want to Be?
Interviewers use this type of psychological question to see if you can think quickly. If you answer “a bunny,” you will make a soft, passive impression. If you answer “a lion,” you will be seen as aggressive. What type of personality would it take to get the job done? What impression do you want to make?

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How to take ownership of a file or folder in Windows XP

2008-04-11T22:12:00.000-07:00

How to take ownership of a file or folder in Windows XP

INTRODUCTION
This article describes how to take ownership of a file or a folder where you have been denied access.

If you must access a file or a folder that you do not have access to, you must take ownership of that file or folder. When you do this, you replace the security permissions to have access.

MORE INFORMATION
How to take ownership of a folder
Note You must be logged on to the computer with an account that has administrative credentials. If you are running Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition, you must start the computer in safe mode, and then log on with an account that has Administrative rights to have access to the Security tab.

If you are using Windows XP Professional, you must disable Simple File Sharing. By default, Windows XP Professional uses Simple File sharing when it is not joined to a domain.

By default, simple file sharing is enabled on a Microsoft Windows XP-based computer if the computer is not a member of a domain. With simple file sharing, you can share folders with everyone on your workgroup or network and make folders in your user profile private. However, if simple file sharing is enabled, you cannot prevent specific users and groups from accessing your shared folders. If you turn off simple file sharing, you can permit specific users and groups to access a shared folder. Those users must be logged on with the credentials of user accounts that you have granted access to your shared folder.

If simple file sharing is enabled, you see the simple file sharing user interface appears instead of the Security and Sharing tabs. By default, this new user interface is implemented in Windows XP Home Edition and in Microsoft Windows XP Professional if you are working in a workgroup. If you turn off simple file sharing, the classic Security and Sharing tabs appear, and you can specify which users and groups have access to shared folders on your computer.

Note To allow for specific users to access the share folder after the simple file sharing is disabled, you should configure both the NTFS permissions on the Security tab and the share permission on the Sharing tab of the share folder. NTFS permissions can only be set on a partition using NTFS file system. If you remove the Every Group from the NTFS permission, you cannot access the share folder over the network.

To take ownership of a folder, follow these steps: 1. Right-click the folder that you want to take ownership of, and then click Properties.
2. Click the Security tab, and then click OK on the Security message (if one appears).
3. Click Advanced, and then click the Owner tab.
4. In the Name list, click your user name, or click Administrator if you are logged in as Administrator, or click the Administrators group. If you want to take ownership of the contents of that folder, select the Replace owner on subcontainers and objects check box.
5. Click OK, and then click Yes when you receive the following message:
You do not have permission to read the contents of directory folder name. Do you want to replace the directory permissions with permissions granting you Full Control?

All permissions will be replaced if you press Yes.
Note folder name is the name of the folder that you want to take ownership of.
6. Click OK, and then reapply the permissions and security settings that you want for the folder and its contents.

How to take ownership of a file
Note You must be logged on to the computer with an account that has administrative credentials.

To take ownership of a file, follow these steps: 1. Right-click the file that you want to take ownership of, and then click Properties.
2. Click the Security tab, and then click OK on the Security message (if one appears).
3. Click Advanced, and then click the Owner tab.
4. In the Name list, click Administrator, or click the Administrators group, and then click OK.

The administrator or the Administrators group now owns the file. To change the permissions on the files and folders under this folder, go to step 5.
5. Click Add.
6. In the Enter the object names to select (examples) list, type the user or group account that you want to give access to the file. For example, type Administrator.
7. Click OK.
8. In the Group or user names list, click the account that you want, and then select the check boxes of the permissions that you want to assign that user.
9. When you are finished assigning permissions, click OK.

Interaction of File and Folder Security on NTFS Volumes

SUMMARY
After you set permissions on specific files, users and groups sometimes have more rights to the files than expected. This is because NTFS security applies both at the file level and at the folder level. NTFS permissions granted at both levels are cumulative.

For example, you have a folder called Reports and you grant the group Sales full control, and the group Marketing read access to the folder. You then put a file called README into the folder, and explicitly set the rights to the Everyone group as Read. Members of the Marketing group will be able to read, but not delete the file README. Members of the Sales group however, will be able to both read and delete the file, because they have the full control right at the folder level. To prevent the file from being deleted by either group you would need to change the Sales group access at the folder level.

APPLIES TO
• Microsoft Windows NT Advanced Server 3.1
• Microsoft Windows NT Workstation 3.1
• Microsoft Windows NT Workstation 3.5
• Microsoft Windows NT Workstation 3.51
• Microsoft Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Developer Edition
• Microsoft Windows NT Server 3.5
• Microsoft Windows NT Server 3.51
• Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0 Standard Edition

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Cool pictures

2008-02-18T04:17:00.001-08:00

Cool Pictures of A Pretty Lady of India name Aishwariya Rai

Introduction: Dear Friends,
Here we present a lady who dont need of any introduction. she is pretty, smart and cool.

She is also and Acctress in Bollywood Movies. not only this she is an modling star and Miss World too.

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 34)

2008-02-16T06:59:00.000-08:00

WINDOWS XP

201. Mengganti Nama Pemakai Yang Terdaftar di Windows

Jalankan Regedit (Start > Run, ketikkan regedit).

1. H_KEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \\ Software \\ Microsoft \\ Windows \\ CurrentVersion

2. Ganti isi yang ada pada "Register Owner" sesuai dengan keinginan anda.

202. Mengatasi Masalah Akses Jaringan Pada Windows 9X

Bila menggunakan prosesor AMD, kemungkinan ada masalah pada saat akses jaringan yang
penyebabnya penglaokasian IRQ untuk Ethernet Card. IRQ dari BIOS tidak sama dengan yang diberikan Windows. Untuk itu matikan IRQ Steering (Disable) dengan cara masuk ke

Control Panel ---> System ---> Device manager ---> System Devices klik properties saat pointer ada di PCI Bus.

203. Mematikan Logo Outlook Express

Jalankan Regedit :

1. H_Key_Current_User \\ Identities \\ {ID} \\ Software \\ Microsoft \\ Outlook
Express \\ 5.0

2. Beri nilai "1" pada entry "No Splash" (tanpa tanda kutip).

204. Defrag file swap

Biasanya Defrag tidak mengoptimalkan file swap. Namun, ada sebuah trik untukitu: Matikan file swap sebelum defrag dengan memilih Control Panel dalam ‘Start | Setting, kemudian 'System | Properties | Virtual RAM'. Setelah defragmentasi kembalikan setting seperti semula.

205. Tanpa Startup dengan [Shift]

Folder Startup pada Windows berisi program- program yang otomatis dijalankankan setiap boot ulang. Kadang-kadang kita tidak memerlukannya untuk aktif. Ada trik untuk mencegahnya berjalan secara otomatis pada saat kita tidak menginginkannya aktif. Hal tersebut dapat dilakukan denganmudah. Saat boot, tekan terus tombol [Shift]. Dengan demikian Windows akan dijalankan tanpa mempedulikan Startup.

WARNING : All Tricks are for People support. Use at your own risk. for any damage we are not responsible.

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 33)

2008-02-12T20:52:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

196. Mencetak daftar file pd folder

Sistem operasi Windows tidak menyediakan fasilitas untuk mencetak daftar file pada suatu directory.

Tapi dengan sedikit tips berikut Anda bisa melakukannya.

Caranya dari menu Start, ---> Run.

Ketikkan command /c dir>prn lalu klik OK atau cukup tekan Enter.

197. Mengetahui IRQ yang telah digunakan

1. click on icon of My Computer.

2. click Properties.

3. go to the tab Device Manager.

4. click on properties of Computer.

Selanjutnya akan muncul tampilan yang menginformasikan IRQ mana saja yang telah digunakan dan "siapa" yang menggunakan IRQ tersebut.

Membuka link pada window baru Khusus Internet Explorer, untuk membuka link pada window atau jendela baru, caranya tekan shift lalu klik link tersebut. Selain itu juga bisa dengan mengklik kanan pada link dan pilih Open in New Window

198. Hyperlink pada MS Word

Jika kita mengetik alamat web pd MS Word, secara otomatis akan aktif hyperlinknya. Untuk mendisable fasilitas tersebut, caranya sebagai berikut:

1. Dari menu Tools pilih AutoCorrect.

2. Pindah ke tab AutoFormat.

3. Hilangkan tanda check (centhang) pada Internet and Network Paths with Hyperlinks.

4. Klik OK.

199. Mengubah Icon Drive dengan AutoRun

Pernah lihat icon Drive CDROM yang berubah ketika kita memasukan sebuah CD? nah.. hal yang sama bisa juga kita praktekkan pada Drive Harddisk. Bukalah Notepad anda dan ketik :

[autorun]

icon=nama icon.ico

Save dengan nama autorun.inf dan letakan di root drive yang dituju ( ct : C:\\ atau
D:\\ )

Selanjutnya, letakan file icon yang kita inginkan di tempat yang sama dengan file autorun.inf, lalu restart komputer anda.

Tips :

agar tampilan file di drive tidak berantakan, ubah atribut kedua file tersebut menjadi hidden.

200. Setting tersembunyi pada IE 5.x

Internet Explorer versi 5.x mempunyai beberapa setting tersembunyi, yang dapat Anda ganti lewat Regitry Editor.

Untuk itu buka Registry Editor dan masuklah ke subkey

HKey_Current_User\\Software\\Policies\\Microsoft\\InternetExplorer\\Control Panel.

Tabel di bawah ini menunjukkan Name dan Data yang harus Anda isikan beserta keterangannya.

WARNING : All Tricks are for People support. Use at your own risk. for any damage we are not responsible.

For Further Detail mail me at Masteragarwal@yahoo.com

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 32)

2008-02-11T21:03:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

186. Disable klik kanan pada Taskbar

Jika Anda meng-enable setting di bawah ini maka tidak akan muncul menu waktu melakukan klik kanan pada Start Menu, Tab control, dan Clock.Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start*Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key:

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer]

Value Name: NoTrayContextMenu

Data Type: REG_DWORD

Data: (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled)

187. Perataan teks pada Drop Down Menu

Drop down menu = menu yg muncul saat Anda mengklik menu File, Edit, Help, dll pd berbagai aplikasi Windows Secara default, alignment pada drop down menu adalah rata kiri. Kalau Anda suka, Anda bisa menggantinya menjadi rata kanan. Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start---->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Caranya :

Key: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Control Panel\\Desktop

Value Name: MenuDropAlignment

Data Type: REG_SZ

Data: (0 = rata kiri, 1 = rata kanan)

189. Volume Control icon in system tray available all version Windows ?

To add the Volume Control icon to the taskbar

Click on "Start" Button

Click on "Control Panel"

Click on "Sound, Speech, and Audio Devices"

Click on "Adjust the system volume" or "Change Speaker Settings" or Sounds and Audio Devices

Click "Place volume icon in the taskbar" in Device Volume Secion on "Volume" Tab

Click on "Apply"

If you cann't see the Speaker icon in your system tray then do the following additional settings.

Right-click the taskbar

Click "Properties".

Select the "Hide inactive icons" check box, under "Notification area", on the "Taskbar" tab,Click "Customize" Button.

In the Name column, click Volume

Click "Always show" behaviour from the drop down list, in the Behavior column

Click "OK" and then "Apply" Buttons.

190. Enable drag and drop operation to add custom menu links to Start Menu

Right Click on "Start" Menu

Click "Properties"

Click "Start Menu" Radio Button

Click on "Customize" Button

Click on "Advanced" Tab

Click "Enable draggin and dropping" Checkbox.

Click "Ok" and then click "Apply"

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING : All Tricks are for People support. Use at your own risk. for any damage we are not responsible.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

For Further Detail mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 31)

2008-02-10T21:40:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

181. Mencegah Penggantian Display Propertis

Regedit

1. H_KEY_CURRENT_USER \\ Software \\ Microsoft \\ Windows \\ CurrentVersion \\ Polocies \\System

2. Ganti value dengan "1" pada "NoDispCPL" Jika value ini tidak ada buatkan dengan cara klik kanan pada jendela sebelah kanan, pilih New > DwordValue, ketikkan NoDispCPL dan isi dengan 0 = disable; 1 = enable /mencegah penggantian.

182. Menampilkan Prommt C\\>_ Sebelum Masuk ke Windows

Gunakan fasilitas Show All File dan editlah file bernama MSDOS.SYS (jangan lupa matikan read only) yang berada di root C:
ganti multiboot = 0 dengan 1 serta bootgui = 0 juga dengan 1. Simpan file tersebut lalu bootinglah, kini prompt C:\\> muncul dan untuk masuk ke Windows cukup ketikkan WIN, maka anda akan memulai Windows yang terkenal itu seperti ketika kita menggunakan Windows 3.1.

183. Shortcut untuk Restart

Untuk mempercepat restart Anda bisa membuat shortcut pada desktop.

1. Klik kanan area kosong pada desktop, pilih New - Shortcut.

2. Pada command line ketikkan C:\\WINDOWS\\RUNDLL.EXE user.exe,exitwindowsexec.

3. Klik next dan beri nama shortcut tersebut.

4. Terakhir klik Finish.

Jalankan Notepad. Ketikkan @exit.

Simpan dengan nama restart.bat di C:\\ Jalankan windows explorer, klik kanan dan seret file tersebut ke desktop.

Pada menu yang muncul pilih Create Shortcut(s) Here.Klik kanan shortcut tersebut, pilih Properties.Pindah ke tab Programs, beri tanda check pada Close on Exit. Klik tombol Advanced.

Tandai pilhan MS-DOS Mode, serta hapus pilihan Warn before entering MS-DOS mode.Klik OK, dan OK lagi untuk menutup kotak dialog Properties.

184. Mencegah perintah Shut Down

Setting berikut akan mencegah seseorang untuk mematikan komputer Anda. Hal ini berguna jika misalnya Anda meninggalkan komputer untuk beberapa saat dan Anda khawatir ada orang lain yang akan men-Shut Down komputer Anda.

Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start*Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer

Value Name: NoClose

Data Type : REG_DWORD

Data: (0 = shutdown enabled, 1 = shutdown disabled)

185. Disable klik kanan pada Dekstop & Windows Explorer

Jika Anda meng-enable setting di bawah ini maka tidak ada yang bisa melakukan klik kanan pada Desktop & Windows Explorer. Dengan kata lain menu yang muncul waktu klik kanan tidak ada lagi.

Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start---->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer

Value Name: NoViewContextMenu

Data Type: REG_DWORD

Data: (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled)

WARNING : All Tricks are for People support. Use at your own risk. for any damage we are not responsible.

For Further Detail mail me at seovikashkgarg@gmail.com

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 30)

2008-02-09T05:36:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

176. Cara cepat menghapus recent document

Untuk menghindari orang lain mengetahui file-file apa saja yang barus saja kita buka, salah satu caranya adalah dengan menghapus recent document. Caranya sebagai berikut :Buka Notepad.Ketikkan :

Echo y| del \\windows\\recent\\*.* Simpan file pada sembarang folder, beri namaH (misalnya) hapus.bat. Ingat, ekstensi harus bat.Bikin shortcut file tersebut pada dekstop.Klik kanan shortcut tersebut, pilih Properties.Pindah ke tab Program.Pada bagian Run, pilih Minimized.
Beri tanda check pada Close on Exit.Klik OK.

177. Menghilangkan Start Banner

Jika Anda meng-enable setting ini maka panah dan tulisan Click here to start akan hilang (tulisan muncul pada saat masuk windows). Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start--->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer

Value Name: NoStartBanner

Data Type: REG_BINARY

Data: (00 00 00 00 = disabled, 01 00 00 00 = enabled)

178. Menambah menu Explore From Here

Setelah Anda mengganti dengan nilai di bawah ini maka saat Anda mengklik kanan pada folder akan muncul menu Explore From Here. Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start--->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key : HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\*\\shell\\rootexplore.

(Anda harus membuatnya jika key tersebut belum ada) Lalu editlah nilai "(Default)" dengan "E&xplore From Here".

Pada rootexplore buatlah sebuah key baru dan beri nama dengan command.

Edit "(Default)" dan beri nilai/nama "explorer.exe/e,/root,/idlist,%i".

179. Memproteksi file

Protect file atau folder dengan cara nge-rename file atau folder hal tersebut dengan
menggunakankombinasi angka antara Alt+ angka pada keyped .Misal Alt+0160 ada kelemahannya yaitu file tersebut masih bisa dilihat di lingkungan windows 9x sebagai " " yang akan membuat orang yang melihat penasaran atawa ingin tahu.

Memproteksi folder dengan passwording dalam suatu folder dan ingin folder tersebut diproteksi dengan password ? Ini caranya :

1.Klik-kanan pada tempat kosong disamping folder yang akan diproteksi,kemudian pilih CUSOMIZE THIS FOLDER ,kemudian pilih CREATE HTML DOCUMENT FOR THIS FOLDER.

2.Kemudian anda akan masuk ke Notepad, Gulung layar sampai melihat script < script language="JavaScript" > setelah itu tekan [ENTER] untuk menyisipkan baris setelah string.

Sekarang masukkan perintah ini :

var pass = prompt("Enter the password") [tekan ENTER]

if(pass != "PASSWORDANDA")[ Tekan ENTER]

{window.location="C:"} [Tekan ENTER]Catatan:Tulis Password Anda

3.Simpan dokumen anda

4.Refresh atau tekan F5 Explorer

5.Selesai dan lihat hasilnya

180. Reset Password Pada Outlook Express

Cari (Gunakan Find) 89c39569-6841-11d2-9f59-0000f8085266 Hapus Subkeynya, buka outlook dan masukkan password baru.

Catatan :

Sub key ini biasanya menggunakan nama dan user ID yang sama

WARNING : All Tricks are for People support. Use at your own risk. for any damage we are not responsible.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

For Further Detail mail me at Masteragarwal@yahoo.com

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 29)

2008-02-07T20:51:00.000-08:00

171. Menghapus isi disket dengan cepat

Untuk menghapus semua file yang ada pada disket dengan cepat gunakan cara berikut :

- Klik kanan pada desktop, pilih New Shhortcut

- Ketikkan deltree /y a: pada Command LLine, klik next, beri nama (misalnya) Hapus

A:. Jangan lupa pilih iconnya. Terakhir klik Finish.

- Klik kanan shortcut tersebut, pilih PProperties. Pindah ke tab Programs dan tandai Close on exit.

Untuk menghapus file pada drive A cukup klik pada icon.

172. Tips Acces 2000 - Mengubah autoselect

Secara default, ketika Anda mendatangi sebuah field yang sudah mengandung data dengan tombol Tab, data pada field tersebut akan langsung diseleksi.

Jika Anda lengsung mengetikkan suatu karakter, data yang lama akan langsung ditimpa. Jika Anda hanya ingin mengedit sebuah karakter yang salah ketik, Anda terpaksa harus meraih mouse dan mengklik sekali pada field itu, atau menekan F2 untuk mengaktifkan mode Edit.

Untuk melakukannya, pilihlah menu Tools*--->Options,lalu klik pada tab Keyboard. Pada bidang Behaviour entering field (sebelah kanan atas), pilihlah Go
to start of field atau Go to End of field, untuk menggantikan pilihan Select entire field. Sekarang, ketika Anda memasuki sebuah field yang sudah mengandung data dengan tombol Tab, isi field tersebut tidak lagi akan diseleksi.

173. Shortcut dan folder tanpa nama

Anda pengen punya folder atau shortcut pada Windows tapi tidak terlihat namanya ? Caranya klik kanan lalu Rename pada folder atau shortcut yang ingin Anda ganti namanya. Kemudian ketikkan [Alt] + [0160] (ini adalah karakter spasi yang tak terlihat).

Pada penulisan 0160 tersebut, Anda harus menggunakan angka-angka yang ada di keypad numerik (bagian kanan keyboard).

174. Membuat folder yang tersembunyi

Anda bisa membuat sebuah folder yang tersembunyi, baik di dalam DOS prompt maupun dalam Windows Explorer. Caranya, pindah ke MS-DOS prompt, lalu ketikkan mkdir yang diikuti dengan spasi.

Tekan dan tahan tombol [Alt], ketikkan 0255, lalu lepaskan [Alt]. Pengetikan 0255 dilakukan dengan menggunakan keypad numerik.

175. Tidak dapat menghapus file

Saat Anda menghapus file, muncul kotak dialog :Cannot delete "nama_file", cannot find the specified path.

Make sure you typed the right path. Hal ini terjadi karena Recycle Bin mengalami corrupt.

Masalah ini biasanya muncul jika Anda menginstall dan meng-uninstall software Fix-It UtilitiesUntuk mengatasinya, ikuti langkah-langkah berikut ini :

Restart komputer Anda. Sebelum muncul logo Windows, tekan F8 lalu pilih Command Prompt Only.

Pada Dos Prompt, ketikkan :attrib -r -s -h c:\\recycleddeltree c:\\recycled

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 28)

2008-02-05T21:35:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

166. Rubah Tampilan Windows

Bagi Anda yang bosan akan tampilan Blue Screen khas Windows,kini Anda dapat
mengubahnyasesuaiÊ selera. (Mungkin nanti tidak disebut bluescreen lagi).

Sunting lah file System.

inibagian [386Enh] Tambahkan baris seperti di bawah ini:

MessageTextColor=(pilih antara 0-F)

MessageBackColor=(pilih antara 0-F)

keterangan:

Black=0

Blue=1

Green=2

Cyan=3

Red=4

Magenta=5

Brown=6

White=7

Gray=8

Bright Blue=9

Bright Green=A

Bright Cyan=B

Bright Red=C

Pink=D

Yellow=E

Bright White=F

167. Reload registry dengan cepat

Setelah melakukan instalasi program, pada umumnya program tersebut akan 'menuntut' Windows untuk di-restart agar pe- rubahan yang dilakukan efektif.

Dalam kebanyakankasus tujuan restart sebenarnya adalah untuk me-reload registry yang dapat dilakukan tanpa perlu me-restart Windows:

Klik kanan pada desktop dan pilih "New | Shortcut", lalu cantumkan perintah berikutini:

C:\\WINDOWS\\RUNDLL32.EXE tshell32,SHExitWindowsEx Klik "Next", berikan sebuah nama
untuk shortcut tersebut dan klik lagi "Next".

Dengan meng-klik ganda pada shortcut tersebut,Windows akan langsung me-reload database registry tanpa perlu melakukanrestart.

168. Mengaktifkan DMA transfer untuk CD dan DVD

Umumnya drive CD ataupun DVD mengirimkan data yang dibacanya dari suatu media ke RAM harus terlebih dahulu melalui prosesor.

Namun pengaturan aliran data membutuhkan kalkulasi yang sebenarnya tidak perlu dillakukan prosesor. Hal ini terutama terjadi saat memutar film DVD yang
menyebabkan goyangan pada gambar saat dimainkan. Karena itu Anda perlu mengaktifkan DMA untuk drive tersebut sehingga data dapat langsung dikirimkan ke RAM. Buka "System | Device Manager" dan klik ganda drive CDROM/DVDROM. Klik tab "Settings" diikuti dengan mengaktifkan option "DMA". Selanjutnya boot ulangWindows.

169. Pesan di awal start up

Tambahkan tulisan berikut pada file autoexec.bat :

Echo off

Cls

Echo Komputer ini milik Raja usil

Echo.

Echo Jadi jangan diusili_____ : (

Echo.

For %%C in(A B C D E F G H I J K L) do Dir C:\\Windows >Null

Echo.

Echo Kalau macem-macem, AWAS..!!!

Maka tiap kali komputer anda di-boot, akan muncul pesan tersebut. Tulisan yang diawali dengan Echo bisa anda ganti dengan pesan anda sendiri.

170. Tip Outlook : Send/Receive Cukup Tekan F5

Anda dapat mengatur selang waktu berapa menit Outlook melakukan engiriman/penerimaan pesan baru secara otomatis, yaitu dengan menu Tools---->Options lalu klik tab Mail Delivery.

Anda tentukan selang waktunya pada field Check for new messages every... yang berada di bagian tengah kotak dialog. Tetapi Anda juga dapat menyuruh Outlook melakukan pemeriksaan pesan baru dengan mengklik button Send/Receive pada toolbar Standard atau cukup menekan F5.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

WARNING : All Tricks are for People support. Use at your own risk. for any damage we are not responsible.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

For Further Detail mail me at Masteragarwal@yahoo.com

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 27)

2008-02-05T04:53:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

161. Hiding the Windows98 Version on the Desktop

Start Regedit

Go to

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Control Panel\\Desktop

Add a String Value

Name it PaintDesktopVersion

Give it a value of 0

Reboot the computer

162. Disabling the Active Desktop

tart Regedit

Go to
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\ Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer

Create a new Binary Value

Name it NoActiveDesktop

Give it a value of 01 00 00 00

163. Running the Windows Update Manager

To run the Windows Update Manger, connect to the Internet and run WUPDMGR.EXE

164. Disabling the Windows Update Manager

To disable the Windows Update Manager, make the following registry edit

Go to
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer

Add ad DWORD entry called NoWindowsUpdate

Give it a value of 1

165. Reboot tanpa loading

Bila Anda melakukan boot ulang Windows, sistem operasi ini akan me-restart PC dan kemudian masuk kembali ke Desktop Windows.

Bagi Anda yang sering bolak-balik meng-install aplikasi, lamakelamaan kewajibawan’ boot ulang Windows ini menjadi kurang praktis.

Pada dasarnya aplikasi yang meminta restart Windows hanya memerlukan update registry Windows saja.

Untuk itu ada cara yang lebih cepat yang dapat Anda lakukan. Caranya dengan menekan tombol [Shift] ketika melakukan restart karena Windows hanya akan melakukan start ulang, tanpa me-load BIOS

WARNING : All Tricks are for People support. Use at your own risk. for any damage we are not responsible.

For Further Detail mail at Masteragarwal@yhoo.com

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 26)

2008-02-03T21:28:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

156. How to remove recycle bin from your desktop ?

Open Regedit by going to START - RUN and type Regedit and hit enter. Then you should navigate to following entry in registry

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE \\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\
Desktop\\NameSpace\\{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E} and delete it.
this action should remove recycle bin from your desktop.

157. How to create a XP Bootable Disk?

Go to window explorer and right click on the floppy drive.

Select checkbox for Create an MS-DOS startup disk and format the disk. This is all that is needed to create a MS-DOS startup disk in Windows XP

158. Being forced to reinstall but want to avoid reactivation?

Once you activate your copy of Windows XP operating system,A file gets created/updated in windows/system32 directory. It is called wpa.dbl file.

I have noticed that if you need to reinstall, take a backup of this file and once you have reinstalled the OS, just copy it back to the same directory.

IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER: THIS IS ONLY FOR THOSE WHO HAVE INSTALLED A LEGAL COPY
OF WINDOWS XP ON THEIR MACHINE AND HAVE ALREADY ACTIVATED THE SOFTWARE
THROUGH MICROSOFT PLEASE UNDERSTAND THAT IF YOU INSTALL OPERATING SYSTEM
ON ANOTHER MACHINE (MEANING MORE THAN ONE) YOU SHOULD HAVE A VALID LEGAL
COPY AND LICENSE AND SHOULD ACTIVATE THAT COPY THROUGH MICROSOFT

159. Having problems with new install ? Like to restore your system quickly?

This can be achieved in couple of ways. Depending upon how you look at it, Quickest way may be to open command prompt and typing SFC /SCANNOW or you can go to START - ALL PROGRAMS -ACCESSORIES - SYSTEM TOOLS and click System Restore:

IMPORTANT NOTE: You would go back to previous fully functional operating system image and may loose all your changes that may have affected system files.

160. Having problem with slow boot time or is it taking long to resume ?

There are a variety of reasons why your windows XP system would boot slowly. Most of the times it this has to do with the startup applications. If you would like to speed up the bootup sequence,consider removing some of the startup applications that you do not need.

Easiest way to remove startup apps is through System Configuration Utility (Go to START-RUN and enter MSCONFIG) and going to Startup tab and deselecting application(s) that you do not want to startup at boot time.

If this works, great ! If not you can also look into SERVICES tab and possibly deselect WORKSTATION option and see if that helps.Want to know more about boot time and what Microsoft is doing about it ?

Visit Microsoft web site on fast boot /fast resume at c:\\windows\\isifolder.txt notepad Windows98 has a built-in utility called Disk Cleanup.

You can run it from either the Start / Programs / Accessories / System Tools / Disk Cleanup or directly run CLEANMGR.EXE

Select the drive you want to clean From here you can delete:

• Temporary Internet Files

• Downloaded Program Files

• The Recycle Bin

• Temporary Files

• Non-Critical Files

You can also view the files before they are deleted If you have the Plus Pack for Windows98, you can install the Disk Cleanup addition.

You can then delete any individual files you want. You can also sort by name, type, size, date or location.

Note:
If you want to run this last program directory, it is \\ PROGRAM FILE \\ PLUS! \\ CLEANUP \\FILECLN.EXE

This program will also run on Win95, NT 4 and NT 5 without the Plus Pack being installed.

WARNING : All Tricks are for People support. Use at your own risk. for any damage we are not responsible.

For Further Details . mail me at
seovikashkgarg@gmail.com

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 25)

2008-02-01T20:45:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp

151. To redirect the Local URL

To replace the Windows Update local page (WUM.htm) with some other local page and have the appropriate local URL point to it:

1. Start Regedit

2. NoWindowsUpdate should remain 0

3. Either create or go to the following registry key string value:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Update

4. Create a string value called Local URL

5. For the value, enter the appropriate local web address.

152. Putting the Desktop Back on the Quick Launch Bar

Create a shortcut targeting: C:\\Windows\\System\\Show Desktop.scf Drag it to a toolbar.

Then delete the residual shortcut from the desktop.

153. Submitted by Paul Garavaglia

If you should delete the the Show Desktop icon from the Quick Launch toolbar, you can easily get it back again.

Go to

C:\\WINDOWS\\Application Data\\Microsoft\\Internet Explorer\\Quick Launch

Create a Text file called ShowDeskop.SCF with the following contents:

[Shell]
Command= IconFile=explorer.exe,3[Taskbar]
Command=ToggleDesktop

This will put the shortcut back on your Quick Launch toolbar.

154. Backing Up and Restoring the Registry

You can backup the registry in one of two ways:

From the Command Prompt

1. Boot to Windows98's DOS

2. Go to the \\WINDOWS\\COMMAND directory

3. Run SCANREG /backup

While within Windows98

1. Run SCANREGW /autoscan Backups are located in the \\Windows\\Sysbckup folder in the RB0xx.CAB file.

Where xx is replaced by the different backups. The default setting is to keep 5 versions.

See the next section, ScanReg.INI Settings, for how to change several of the default settings.

To restore a backup, you need to be in Windows98 DOS.

1. Go to the \\Windows\\Command directory

2. Run SCANREG /restore

3. From here you can select which one you want to restore

155. ScanReg.INI settings

Both ScanReg and ScanRegW use the settings in the Scanreg.INI file located in the \\Windows directory.

You can change several of the default settings Backup=1 - Run ScanReg at startup and make a backup automatically. Registry backup is skipped altogether if this is set to 0 Optimize=1 - Run ScanReg to optimize the registry, reducing its size to improve performance.

Registry automatic optimization is skipped if this is set to 0 MaxBackupCopies=5 - The number of backups to store. Valid entries are 0-99 BackupDirectory - Backup directory where the cabs are stored.

The default is C:\\Windows\\Sysbckup Additional system files to backup - Files=[dir code,]file1,file2,file3, Filenames are separated by a comma ',' ; The Dir Code can be:

· 10: windir (ex. c:\\windows)
· 11: system dir (ex. c:\\windows\\system)
· 30: boot dir (ex. c:\\)
· 31 : boot host dir (ex. c:\\)

Warning : All Tricks and Tips Will be used on personal risk. We are not responsible for anything wrong happen. No Claims.
All are tested Enjoy .

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 24)

2008-02-01T20:34:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp

146. Menyembunyikan Menu Control Panel

Jika Anda meng-enable setting ini maka menu Taskbar yang terdapat pada Setting pada Start Menu akan hilang.

Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start---->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer

Value Name: NoControlPanel

Data Type: REG_DWORD

Data: (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled/sembunyikan

147. Rename recycle bin

Windows 98 tidak memungkinkan pemakai mengubah nama icon recycle bin yang ada di desktop ,karena sewaktu pemakai mengklik icon tersebut dengan tombol kanan mouse , tidak terdapat menu rename .

Berikut ini komputeronline akan menjelaskan cara menambahkan menu rename di menu
popup pada icon recycle bin dengan melakukan sedikit perubahan dalam registry windows .Bukalah Registry Editor melalui menu " Start | Run " . Dalam kolom ketikkan "regedit " dan tekan tombol "OK".

Dalam jendela registry editor yang muncul , masuklah kedalam

key
"HKEY_CLASESS_ROOT|CLSID|645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}|Shell Folder".

Pada jendela sebelah kanan , klik ganda entri " Attributes" . Dalam jendela " Edit Binary Value " yang muncul , gantilah angka "40" dari nilai"0000 40 01 00 20 " di kolom " Value data " dengan nilai "10" , sehingga menjadi '0000 10 01 00 20 " . Setelah itu klik "OK" dan tutup jendela registry editor .

Sekarang bila anda mengklik icon recylcle bin yang ada di desktop dengan tombol kanan mouse , maka akan terlihat tambahan menu "rename : yang berguna untuk mengganti nama recycle bin sesuai keinginan anda .

148. Bila windows tidak menampilkan desktop screen

Mungkin Anda pernah mengalami masalah seperti ini. Kompoter Anda sudah menampilkan splash screen tapi ditunggu sampai lama windows tidak juga menampilkan desktop screen.

Untuk mengatasinya Anda perlu booting pada Safe Mode. Caranya, pada saat komputer selesai melakukan "proses" BIOS tekanlah tombol [F8] sampai muncul berbagai menu pilihan. Setelah itu pilihlah Safe Mode.

Jika Anda termasuk beruntung maka Anda bisa masuk windows sampai desktop screen. Klik
kanan pada My Computer, pilih Properties. Pillih pada tab Device Manager. Bila Anda melihat tanda seru pada salah satu Device yang ada berarti terjadi "konfilk" device. Untuk itu Anda perlu mendisable hardware yang mengalami masalah.

Setelah itu Anda bisa restart.

149. Saat booting Windows langsung menampilkan "shutdown screen"

Saat booting windows komputer Anda langsung menampilkan tulisan : It's now safe to turn off your komputer" Hal ini karena file Vmm32.vxd atau wininit.exe mengalami kerusakan.

Anda harus meng-copy file wininit.exe dari cd Windows Untuk melakukan extract Anda dapat perlu masuk ke MS DOS Prompt lalu ketikkan extract .

Bila Anda belum tahu perintah-perintah extract ketikkan extract /? lalu tekan
enter.

150. Membuat file vmm32.exe baru

Setelah booting bios tekan tombol F8, dan pilih Command Prompt Only. setelah komputer Anda melakukan Setelah itu pidah ke folder Windows\\System dengan cara mengetikkan : cd \\windows\\system

Ketikkan C:\\ren vmm32.vxd vmm32.old

Warning : - use at your personel risk. All tricks and tricks for help purpose.

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 23)

2008-01-30T21:17:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

141. Menonaktifkan sound events Windows

Salah satu penghambat terbesar saat start Windows dan aplikasi di dalamnya adalah bunyi-bunyian yang menyertai suatu event (sound events). Memang sound events membuat Windows terdengar lebih menarik, namun akibatnya membebani tugas prosesor. Karena itu sebaiknya feature ini Anda matikan total. Caranya melalui Control Panel, bukalah "Sounds and Multimedia" dan pilih tab Sounds.

Pada bagian Scheme, pilih "No Sounds" dalam menu pull-down-nya atau dengan memilih satu per satu dalam SoundEvents dan memlilih "[None]" pada bagian "Name". Akhiri dengan mengklik tombol "OK".

142. Mempercepat respon pada menu

Pada kondisi standar (default), menu Windows tidak seketika merespon saat pointer mouse mengkliknya.

Respon menu baru terjadi setelah beberapa saat atau ada terjadi delay beberapa saat
setelah diklik. Agar menu Windows mere. spon lebih cepat, Anda perlu melakukan sedikit perubahan dalam registry.

Pertamakali bukalah editor REGEDIT.EXE dan klik hingga sampai ke bagian
"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Control Panel\\Desktop".

Carilah di sana String Name "MenuShowDelay".

Bila belum ada, buatlah String Name yang baru dengan mengklik tombol kanan
mouse "New | String Value".

Masukkan Nilai Data-nya yaitu waktu delay untuk menu dalam milidetik.
Nilai maksimalnya "65000", sementara nilai "0" akan meniadakan delaymenu saat diklik.Khusus untuk Windows Me dan Windows 2000, klik kanan pada desktop dan pilih Properties. Pindahlah ke tab "Effects" dan nonaktifkan di sana checkboxdi depan option "Use transition effects formenu and tooltips".

143. Instal Font

Untuk menginstall font biasanya kita harus mengikuti langkah yang panjang : Start > Settings > Control Panel > Font.

Lalu dari situ Anda harus klik File > Install New Fonts.

Cara tersebut tentunya sangat menjengkelkan. Sebenarnya ada cara yang lebih mudah, yaitu :

1. Buka registry editor.

2. Pindah ke key "HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\TTFFILE\\SHELL".

3. Pilihlah perintah "Edit ---> New---> Key" dan berikanlah nama "Install Fonts" pada key yang baru diletakkan tadi.

4. Klik ganda pada bagian jendela kanan pada entry "(Default)".

5. Berikan nilai "Value"-nya "Install Font" dan konfirmasikan perubahan ini dengan mengklik "OK"

6. Tandai sekali lagi subkey "Install Font" dan di dalamnya dengan menggunakan perintah "Edit >New > Key".

7. Buatlah sebuah subkey baru yang dinamakan "command".

8. Klik ganda pada "(Default)", berikan pada "Value"-nya perintah "
Sekarang jika Anda mengklik kanan pada file *.ttf akan muncul menu Install Fonts.

Jika anda memilih menu ini, maka file font tersebut akan di-copy ke dalam folder Windows anda.

Cara kedua :

1. Buat shortcut yang menunjuk ke directory font pada Windows Anda (C:\\Windows\\Fonts).

2. Letakkan shortcut tersebut pada directory Send To.

Sekarang untuk menginstall font, klik kanan pada file *.ttf, pilih Send To > Fonts

141. Menonaktifkan sound events Windows
Salah satu penghambat terbesar saat start Windows dan aplikasi di dalamnya adalah bunyi-bunyian
yang menyertai suatu event (sound events). Memang sound events membuat Windows terdengar
lebih menarik, namun akibatnya membebani tugas prosesor. Karena itu sebaiknya feature ini Anda
matikan total. Caranya melalui Control Panel, bukalah "Sounds and Multimedia" dan pilih tab Sounds.
Pada bagian Scheme, pilih "No Sounds" dalam menu pull-down-nya atau dengan memilih satu per
satu dalam SoundEvents dan memlilih "[None]" pada bagian "Name". Akhiri dengan mengklik tombol
"OK".
142. Mempercepat respon pada menu
Pada kondisi standar (default), menu Windows tidak seketika merespon saat pointer mouse
mengkliknya. Respon menu baru terjadi setelah beberapa saat atau ada terjadi delay beberapa saat
setelah diklik. Agar menu Windows mere. spon lebih cepat, Anda perlu melakukan sedikit perubahan
dalam registry. Pertamakali bukalah editor REGEDIT.EXE dan klik hingga sampai ke
bagian"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Control Panel\\Desktop". Carilah di sana String Name
"MenuShowDelay". Bila belum ada, buatlah String Name yang baru dengan mengklik tombol kanan
mouse "New | String Value". Masukkan Nilai Data-nya yaitu waktu delay untuk menu dalam milidetik.
Nilai maksimalnya "65000", sementara nilai "0" akan meniadakan delaymenu saat diklik.Khusus
untuk Windows Me dan Windows 2000, klik kanan pada desktop dan pilih Properties. Pindahlah ke
tab "Effects" dan nonaktifkan di sana checkboxdi depan option "Use transition effects formenu and
tooltips".
143. Instal Font
Untuk menginstall font biasanya kita harus mengikuti langkah yang panjang : Start > Settings >
Control Panel > Font. Lalu dari situ Anda harus klik File > Install New Fonts. Cara tersebut tentunya
sangat menjengkelkan. Sebenarnya ada cara yang lebih mudah, yaitu :
1. Buka registry editor.
2. Pindah ke key "HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\TTFFILE\\SHELL".
3. Pilihlah perintah "Edit ---> New---> Key" dan berikanlah nama "Install Fonts" pada key yang baru
diletakkan tadi.
4. Klik ganda pada bagian jendela kanan pada entry "(Default)".
5. Berikan nilai "Value"-nya "Install Font" dan konfirmasikan perubahan ini dengan mengklik "OK"
234 Tips – Trick Windows Part 1
6. Tandai sekali lagi subkey "Install Font" dan di dalamnya dengan menggunakan perintah "Edit >
New > Key".
7. Buatlah sebuah subkey baru yang dinamakan "command".
8. Klik ganda pada "(Default)", berikan pada "Value"-nya perintah "
Sekarang jika Anda mengklik kanan pada file *.ttf akan muncul menu Install Fonts. Jika anda memilih
menu ini, maka file font tersebut akan di-copy ke dalam folder Windows anda.
Cara kedua :
1. Buat shortcut yang menunjuk ke directory font pada Windows Anda (C:\\Windows\\Fonts).
2. Letakkan shortcut tersebut pada directory Send To.
Sekarang untuk menginstall font, klik kanan pada file *.ttf, pilih Send To > Fonts
144. Menyembunyikan menu Taskbar
Jika Anda meng-enable setting ini maka menu Taskbar yang terdapat pada Setting pada Start Menu
akan hilang.
Ikutilah langkah berikut.
Klik Start----->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.
Key: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer
Value Name: NoSetTaskbar
Data Type: REG_DWORD
Data: (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled/sembunyikan)
145. Menyembunyikan menu Folder Options
Jika Anda meng-enable setting ini maka menu Folder Options yang terdapat pada Start Menu -
Setting akan hilang.
Ikutilah langkah berikut.
Klik Start*Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.
Key: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer
Value Name: NoFolderOptions
Data Type: REG_DWORD
Data: (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled/sembunyikan)

Jika Anda meng-enable setting ini maka menu Taskbar yang terdapat pada Setting pada Start Menu akan hilang.

Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start----->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer

Value Name: NoSetTaskbar

Data Type: REG_DWORD

Data: (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled/sembunyikan)

145. Menyembunyikan menu Folder Options

Jika Anda meng-enable setting ini maka menu Folder Options yang terdapat pada Start Menu -Setting akan hilang.

Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start*Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer

Value Name: NoFolderOptions

Data Type: REG_DWORD

Data: (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled/sembunyikan)

Warning: All Tricks and Tips used personally by me but you people use at you Own Risk.
For contact mail at: masteragarwal@yahoo.com

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 22)

2008-01-29T22:47:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

136. Adding the URL History to the Start Menu

If you browse the web a lot and want fast access to recent sites you visited, you can put your history list on the Start Menu.

1. Right click on the Start button
2. Choose Explore
3. Right click on the right pane
4. Choose New / Folder
5. Name it URL History.{FF393560-C2A7-11CF-BFF4-444553540000}
6. The label isn't critical. The period, braces and CLSID number are.
If you want to search for the string to enter:
1. Start Regedit
2. Search for URL History Folder
3. Right click the CLSID key
4. Choose Rename
5. Press Ctrl-C to Copy
6. In the Explorer window, press Ctrl-V to paste it in.

137. Removing or Changing the Windows Update Feature

To remove the Windows Update icon from the Start / Settings group:

1. Start Regedit

2. Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows
\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer

3. If it is not already there, create a new string value NoWindowsUpdate and give it a value of 1

4. Log off and back on again

To remove the Windows Update icon from the Start menu (top group):

1. From the command line run Wupdmgr.exe -shortcut. No restart of the computer is required.

138. To redirect the Remote URL:

1. Start Regedit

2. NoWindowsUpdate should remain 0

3. Either create or go to the following registry key string value:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Policies\\Microsoft\\Windows Update

4. Create a string value called Remote URL

5. For the value, enter the appropriate remote web address.

139. Hibernation Pada Me dan 2000

Windows Me dan 2000 telah mendukung fasilitas manajemen daya "Hibernation" yang dapat
menyimpan isi RAM ke dalam hard disk saat Windows ditutup. Keuntungannya yaitu start Windows berikutnya akan ber langsung dalam waktuyang lebih singkat dalam hitungan beberapa detik.

Anda dapat mengaktifkan option ini melalui "Power Options" dalam Control Panel. Pada jendela “Power Option Properties”,pindahlah ke tab "Hibernate"dan klik option tersebut.

Windows akan menunjukkan ukuran disk yang di butuhkan untuk melakukan hibernate. Tutuplah jendela dengan "OK".

Saat menutupWindows, akan Anda temukan entri"Hibernate" dalam menu pull-down. BilaAnda memilih hibernate, tidak hanyastart selanjutnya saja yang akan jauh lebihcepat,Windows pun akan merekonstruksi aplikasi yang sebelumnya telah terbuka serupa dengan kondisi sebelum direstart

140. Meningkatkan cache untuknm file dan path Windows Me, 2000

Windows menyimpan nama file dan path-nya dalam sebuah cache khusus. Bila Anda memanggil sebuah file data atau program untuk kedua kalinya, Windows tak perlu repot-repot mencarinya melalui sistem file FAT pada hard disk, melainkanlangsung mengambilnya dari cache.

Kapasitas cache ini dapat Anda perbesar sesuai kebutuhan Anda. Klik kanan pada "My Computer" dan pilih Properties, kemudian lanjutkan dengan mengklik tab "Performance" diikuti dengan menekan tombol "File System". Dalam jendela berikutnya pilih option "Network Server" di samping label "Typical role of this computer". Selanjutnya tutup jendela dengan "OK".

warning :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All the Tricks which had shown in this site is just for Teaching and Learning purpose.use all tricks on your personal risk.

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 21)

2008-01-29T22:41:00.000-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

131. Lebih cepat menghapus tanpa melewati Recycle Bin

Bila Anda menghapus file di bawah Windows, sistem operasi tidak benar-benar menghapusnya melainkan memindahkan file tersebut ke dalam Recycle Bin. Bila data yang dihapus berukuran besar, proses tersebut tentu akan memakan waktu beberapa menit.Bila Anda yakin tidak memerlukan data tersebut, tak perlu melalui Recycle Bin.

Hal ini dapat dilakukan melalui option "Remove file immediately when deleted" dalam Properties Recycle Bin, atau dengan menekan tombol [Shift] saat melakukan perintah "Delete" pada satu atau beberapa file/folder. 19IBoot lebih
cepat dalam

132. JaringanWindows

Dalam sebuah jaringan peer-to-peer dengan protokol TCP/IP, baik PC dengan sistem Windows 98 atau juga Me secara otomatis diatur agar dapat saling mencocokkan alamat IP mereka agar tidak konflik.

Sayangnya komunikasi antar-PC seperti ini cenderung lebih lambat, sehingga secara tidak langsung juga menghambat proses boot. "Karena itu disarankan Anda memberikan
alamat IP permanen atau tetap untuk setiap PC tersebut. Buka Properties "My Network Places" dan klik ganda "TCP/IP" dalam tab Configuration".

Pilih option "Specify an IP address" dan cantumkan "192.168.0.1" untuk PC pertama, "192.168.0.2" untuk PC kedua dan seterusnya. Sebagai "Subnet
Mask" masukkan untuk setiap PC "255.255.255.0". Kemudian tutup semua jendela dengan "OK".

Selanjutnya Windows akan meng-copy beberapa file dari Setup-CD Windows-nya, lalu memberikan pesan agar dilakukan restart.

133. Showing the Windows Version on the Desktop

To show the version of Windows you are using on the desktop

1. Start Regedit
2. Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER \\ Control Panel \\ Desktop
3. Create a new String Value called PaintDesktopVersion
4. Give it a value of 1
5. Reboot the computer
Download reg file

134. Restoring the Column Display to the Start Menu

Normally with Win98, the Start Menu keeps added additional programs to the bottom on a long list.

To get it to display in multiple columns:

Start Regedit
Go to

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Advanced

Right-click an unoccupied area in the right pane.

Click New / String Value.

In the name box that appears, type StartMenuScrollProgramsDouble-click this and give it a value of false Download reg file

135. Restoring the Explorer's Attrib Column in Win98 SE

With a clean install of Win98 SE, the Attrib column in the Explorer is no longer there.

To restore it, download and install Restore Attrib Column in Explorer

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 20)

2008-01-28T21:47:00.001-08:00

Windows Xp Tricks

126. Restoring Your Registry

Has your registry recently been damaged? To determine whether your registry was recently damaged, restore the registry from the previous day's backup.

To restore the registry from the previous day's backup:

Hold down the CTRL key as you restart your computer.

On the Startup menu, select Safe mode command prompt only.

Type C:\\WINDOWS\\COMMAND\\SCANREG /RESTORE, and then press ENTER.

When you are prompted, select Previous Day's Registry.

Note: If you restore a previous registry, you may need to reinstall any programs that were installed after the registry backup was made.

127. Power Management Troubleshooter

If you are having a problem with setting your power management, there Power Management Troubleshooter tool available either on the Win98 CD or on the web.

This a program that can help you determine the device or driver that might be interfering.

It is on the CD at \\Tools\\Mtsutil\\Pmtshoot\\Pmtshoot.Exe or the web at Power Management Trouble Shooter (158 K)
See Microsoft's site for More Information.

128. Bypassing the Need to Register Win98 to get the Automatic Upgrades

There talk about hacking the Windows 98 Registry to bypass the obligation of register them into Microsoft, in order to be eligible to get Automatic upgrades.

Run Regedit

Go to
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Welcome\\
Select the CurrentVersion folder Double click the RegDone entry on the right side and set the value to 1

Go to
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Welcome\\
Select the RegWiz folder

Right click at right panel and add a new string

Set the string name to @

Double click this new entry and set the value to 1

129. Mengoptimalkan database registry

Setelah beberapa bulan menggunakan Windows, file registry akan terus membesar
ukurannya.Akibatnya Windows akan membutuhkan semakin banyak waktu untuk me-load-nya saat start.

Melalui sebuah perintah DOS sederhana Anda dapat mengkompresi area di registry yang tak perlu di dalam database-nya sehingga ukuran file-nya menjadi lebih kecil. Start Windows 98 (setelah start BIOS tekan tombol [F8] sambil memilih option "Command prompt only". Selanjutnya masukkan perintah "scanreg /opt".

Program ini akan menghapus tempat kosong dalam database registry, sehingga ukuran file-nya akan semakin kecil.

Khusus untuk Windows Me, lakukan boot dari disket dan panggil perintah tersebut dalam direktori C:\\WINDOWS\\COMMAND.

130. Mengaktifkan dukungan Ultra DMA66

Sistem operasi Windows 2000 telah mendukung interface Ultra DMA66 hard disk generasi lanjutan dari Ultra DMA33 yang lebih cepat.

Sayangnya pada konfigurasi default-nya, UDMA ini tidak diaktifkan oleh Microsoft apa saja chipset motherboard Anda. Untuk mengaktifkannya, Anda harus melakukannya secara manual Klik berikutnya “Edit | New | DWORD Value” dalam menu "Edit", lalu dengan klikdengan melakukan sedikit perubahan dalam database registry.

Bukalah editor REGEDIT.EXE dan klik terus hingga cabang

"HKEY_ LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\ Control\\Class\\{4D36E96A -E325-11CEBFC1-08002BE10318}\\0000"t;. kanan namakan value-nya sebagai "EnableUDMA66". Klik ganda pada value tadi dan masukkan nilai "1" dalam bagian “Value data” untuk mengaktifkan fungsi tersebut.

Selanjutnya reboot PC Anda. Ingat bahwa UDMA66 baru akan aktif bila sebelumnya Anda
telah meng-install driver-nya.

Warning All the Tricks, which had shown in this site, is just for Teaching and Learning purpose. Use all tricks on your personal risk.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch

Windows Xp Tricks (Learn Part 19)

2008-01-28T21:36:00.000-08:00
Windows Xp Tricks

118. Assigning WAV Files When You Open a Folder

You can assign a different .wav file to play when you open any folder in windows explorer.

You must know a litle html

Create a .wav or midi file or use one you already have.

Save the file to the C: drive in any directory.

Go to Windows Explorer and highlight the folder Click View on the toolbar and choose Customize this Folder.

Click Create or edit an HTML document.

Click next and click next again.

Now just insert your html code for your file and then save.

Go to your folder and it should play your file.

119. Helping to Reduce Modem Timeout

If you are experiencing a lot of modem timeout with you system,you can change the SLOWNET value in the Registry

1. Start Reged
2. Go to

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\Class\\Net\\0000 (0001 etc)

3. Change the SLOWNET value from 01 to 00

120. Hardware Information Utility

There is a hardware diagnostics utility that is installed with Windows98 that lets you view your hardware, registry, conflicts etc.

From the Run box, enter HWINFO /UI You can view the hardware you have, what portion of the registry is pointing to it, conflicts, drivers used, I/O, IRQ, DMA # usage, and more.

The results are somewhat color coded.

· File attributes are magenta
· Registry entries are green
· Configuration Manger info is brown
· Warnings are blue
· Error messages are red

121. Changing the Version Displayed on the Desktop

If you display the version number of Windows98 on the desktop, you usually get something like Windows 98 4.10.1998 or whatever the release date was in the lower right-hand corner of the desktop.

You can change that to any other 20 characters (11 for "Windows 98 " and 9 for "4.10.1998") "Windows98 " is in the C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM\\KRNL386.EXE file.
"4.10.98" is in the C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM\\USER.EXE file.

1. Make copies of both files - KRNL386.EXE.ORG and USER.EXE.ORG - this is to have a backup just in case
2. Copy C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM\\KRNL386.EXE to KRNL3861.EXE
3. Copy C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM\\USER.EXE to USER1.EXE
4. Use a hex editor (I like Ultra-Edit) to edit both files
5. For KRNL386.EXE search for the first instance of "Windows 98 ". It should be just before Debug Windows 98
6. Change this to whatever 11 characters you want
7. For USER.EXE search for the first instance of the version number (4.10.1998 or whatever yours displays). It should be just before Monitor%d
8. Change this to whatever 9 characters you want
9. Boot to DOS.
10. Copy USER1.EXE to USER.EXE
11. Copy KRNL3861.EXE to KRNL386.EXE
12. Restart the computer

Note: While I haven't had any problems with this for the past several days, I take no responsibility ifthis does have some issue at some future date

122. Enabling Fast Shutdown

To turn on this feature:

1. Start Regedit
2. Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \\ System \\ CurrentControlSet \\ Control \\ Shutdown
3. Create a string called FastReboot
4. Give it a value of 1

123. Disabling Web View in the Win98 File Explorer

If you want to disable Web View you can either delete or rename the \\Windows\\Web directory. Now when you click on Web View in the Explorer, nothing will happen.

124. Removing Log Off Username from the Start Menu

To remove the Log Off line on your Start menu

1. Start RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER \\ Software \\ Microsoft \\ Windows \\ CurrentVersion \\ Policies \\Explorer

3. Create a new DWORD Value

4. Name it NoLogOff

5. Give this entry and add the value 1

6. Logoff and back on again to reset the registry
Download reg file

125. Link Wizard
The Link Wizard scans all of the link files on your system. If the associated program is not found, the Link Wizard will give you the option of removing it.

You can find the Link Wizard in the RESKIT / DESKTOP directory of your Win98 CD. The file name is CHKLNKS.EXE

Warning All the Tricks, which had shown in this site, is just for Teaching and Learning purpose. Use all tricks on your personal risk.

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch

Windows Xp Tricks (Lear Part 18)

2008-01-27T21:53:00.000-08:00
Windows Xp Tricks

112. Laptop/portable computer users ! Undock without logon

I read about this over the Internet. This would allow you to undock without logging on to Window XP.

To do this, open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit.

Navigate to
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE \\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion \\Policies\\System] .

In this look for value of "UndockWithoutLogon". Setting its value to 1 to enable it or 0 to disable it.

113. Selectively clean the history of START-RUN list

If you have not cleaned the RUN entries for a while or you choose not to, you would have a list of them.

If you want to selectively delete the entries do this.Open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit.

Navigate to

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\RunMRU] .
In this look for various entries on right pane. You can choose what you want to delete and simply delete it. Or you can clear all command lines as well.

114. Customize task bar grouping

This is a customizing tip. If you want to change the default number of grouping in task bar do this.

Open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit.

Navigate to

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER \\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion \\Explorer\\Advanced] .
In this look for value of "TaskbarGroupSize". You can set it to any value you want. Default is 3.

115. Activate Automatic Boot Disk Optimization

To activate automatic boot disk optimization, do this.Open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit.

Navigate to

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Dfrg\\BootOptimizeFunction] . In this look for value of "Enable".

You can set its value to "Y" to enable it.

116. Restrict certain users from running an application

You can selectively restrict access to few apps and file names. To do this, open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit.

Navigate to

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion \\Policies\\Explorer] and a sub-key by the name "DisallowRun". Within this key, add many string keys you like each mapped to an application or file that you want to be restricted.

117. Do not let Regedit remember last changed key

You'll need to be in the admin account, or yours must have admin privileges.
In regedit,
navigate to

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Applets\\Regedit] and look for the value LastKey.

Double-clickit and clear the string. Then right-click the Regedit key (in the left-hand pane) and select Permissions.

Set Permissions to Deny for any/all users/group. IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER: Before doing anything with registry, It is very important that you take a backup of registry by exporting it. Remember even a minor mistake in registry could render your system unusable or will cause it to stop or crash.

XPTOOLS is not responsible for any such damage that may occur directly or indirectly as a result of your applying these changes. Don't try it if you are not sure. Use at your own riskisk

Warning: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All the Tricks, which had shown in this site, is just for Teaching and Learning purpose. Use all tricks on your personal risk.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.

Windows Xp Tricks (Lear Part 17)

2008-01-27T21:42:00.000-08:00
Windows Xp Tricks

101. Hilangkan Drive Pada Komputer

Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan maksud orang lain tidak bisa akses data komputer anda Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start----->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Anda bisa menyembunyikan drive pada My Computer dengan cara masuk ke :
Key :HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer

Value Name : NoDrives
Data Type : REG_DWORD
Data :

Pada data bisa Anda isi dengan drive yang ingin Anda sembunyikan. Adapun nilainya adalah :

A: 1, B: 2, C: 4, D: 8, E: 16, F: 32, G: 64, H: 128, I: 256, J: 512, K: 1024, L: 2048, M: 4096,N: 8192, O: 16384, P: 32768, Q: 65536, R: 131072, S: 262144, T: 524288, U: 1048576, V: 2097152,W: 4194304, X: 8388608, Y: 16777216, Z: 33554432, ALL: 67108863

102. Disable DOS

Setting berikut ini akan mencegah "penggunaan" MS-DOS command prompt pada Windows.
Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start------->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows \\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\WinOldApp
Value Name: Disabled

Data Type: REG_DWORD Data: (0 = disable, 1 = enable/mencegah MS-Dos command prompt)

103. Hilangkan Icon Network Neigborhood

Icon Network Neigborhood akan nampak pada desktop jika Anda menginstall Windows Networking.

JikaAnda tidak suka, Anda bisa menyembunyikan icon tersebut.
Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start------>Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer
Value Name: NoNetHood
Data Type: REG_DWORD
Data: (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled/menyembunyikan icon)

104. Hilangkan Desktop

Setting berikut akan menyembunyikan semua item yang terdapat pada desktop Anda.
Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start------->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

Key : HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersionPolicies\\Explorer

Value Name : NoDesktop
Data Type : REG_DWORD
Data : (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled)

105. Hilangkan Panah Shortcut

Kalau kita membuat shortcut dari suatu aplikasi atau pun directory pasti akan kita lihat sebuah panah kecil.
Dari segi penampilan, panah yang menutupi sebagian icon tersebut sangat
menjengkelkan. Apalagi jika kita ingin menonjolkan gambar icon tersebut. Untuk itu ada sebuah cara untuk menghapus panah tersebut sehingga penampilan icon kita lebih menarik.

Ikutilah langkah berikut.

Klik Start------->Run, ketikkan regedit lalu tekan Enter.

hapus string value "IsShortcut" yang ada di dalam subkey "lnkfile" dan "piffile" pada key "HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT" dari registry windows anda.

106. Meniadakan bayangan pointer mouse

Salah satu 'pemakan' resource yangbesar dalam Windows 2000 adalah bayangan pointer mouse.

Agar cadangan re-source tersedia lebih banyak untuk menjalankan tugas (task) lainnya, nonaktifkan bayangan tersebut.
Buka "Control Panel | Mouse", selanjutnya nonaktifkan option "Enable pointer
shadow" dalam tab "Pointer".

107. Menonaktifkan menu pribadi

Windows Me dan 2000 mempunyai sistem menu Start yang dapat disesuaikandengan perilaku
penggunanya (lebih customized).
Program yang jarang digunakanbaru akan tampak setelah pengguna mengklik petunjuk arah (arah ke bawah) pada bagian bawah menu. Tujuannya sebenarnya memang baik, tetapi sayangnya hanya akan menghambat pemanggilan program.

Selain itu feature ini juga menyulitkan pencarian sebuah program dalam menu.Agar setiap bagian menu (sub menu) selalu muncul saat dilewati mouse tanpa harus mengklik petunjuk arah, klik kanan pada Taskbar dan pilih Properties.
Nonaktifkan checkbox di depan "Use personalized menus" pada tab General.

108. Menentukan ukuran file swap

Windows setiap saat menyesuaikan ukuran file swap-nya dengan kebutuhan memori sistem. Apabilamemori fisiknya tidak mencukupi kebutuhan memori sistem untuk menjalankan aplikasi, maka secara otomatis Windows akan membutuhkan file swap tersebut sebagai memori tambahannya.
Karena Windows mengakses hard disk, secara tidak langsung akan berefek memperlambat sistem. Karena itu sebaiknya Anda tentukan ukuran file swap yang permanen agar frekuensi akses hard disk berkurang dan sistem pun semakin cepat. Mengenai ukuran file swapyang optimal bergantung dari ukuranmemori fisik yang terpasang dan juga clik kanan "My Computer" dan pilih "Properties",kemudian buka tab "Performance".
clik "Virtual Memory" dan aktifkan option "Use personalized settings for virtual memory". Cantumkan dibawah "Minimum" dan Maximum" sebuahnilai se kurangnya 200 MB dan klik"OK" . Konfirmasi kan pertanyaan yang jugaberupa peringatan dengan “Yes” danstart ulang Windows.

109. Startup program tidak start otomatis

Program-program yang dimasukkan ke dalam kelompok StartUp yang berasal dari instalasi aplikasi tertentu atau diload dari registry saat Windows mulai dijalankan akan mengakibatkan start Windows menjadi lambat karena terhambat "StartUp", nonaktifkan program-program yang tak perlu tersebut dari folder StartUp dan juga dari registry. Konfirmasikan dengan "OK" untuk me-restart.

oleh loading program tersebut.

untuk menghindari jalannya program pada StartUp tersebut, klik "Start | Run" dan ketik MSCONFIG.

Selanjutnya pada tab

110. Mempercepat respon pada menu

Pada kondisi standar (default), menu Windows tidak seketika merespon saat pointer mouse mengkliknya.

Respon menu baru terjadi setelah beberapa saat atau ada terjadi delay beberapa saat
setelah diklik. Agar menu Windows mere. spon lebih cepat, Anda perlu melakukan sedikit perubahan dalam registry.

Pertamakali bukalah editor REGEDIT.EXE dan klik hingga sampai ke
bagian"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Control Panel\\Desktop". Carilah di sana String Name
"MenuShowDelay". Bila belum ada, buatlah String Name yang baru dengan mengklik tombol kanan mouse "New | String Value". Masukkan Nilai Data-nya yaitu waktu delay untuk menu dalam milidetik.

Nilai maksimalnya "65000", sementara nilai "0" akan meniadakan delaymenu saat diklik.Khusus untuk Windows Me dan Windows 2000, klik kanan pada desktop dan pilih Properties.

Pindahlah ke tab "Effects" dan nonaktifkan di sana checkboxdi depan option "Use transition effects formenu andtooltips".

111. AutoReboot whenever Windows XP experiences BSOD

Since Windows XP is touted as most reliable Windows XP ever, you do not need this trick!. Well I am somewhat kidding.
There is nothing in this world that is foolproof. I have faced this twice so far. To
make windows reboot instead of producing the cryptic dump, open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit. Navigate to [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM \\CurrentControlSet \\Control\\CrashControl] .

In this look for value of "AutoReboot". Setting its value to 1 will activate
Autoreboot. By default this is the value on my system but just in case if you have a 0,set it to 1.

Warning: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All the Tricks, which had shown in this site, is just for Teaching and Learning purpose. Use all tricks on your personal risk.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.

Windows Xp Tricks (Lear Part 16)

2008-01-24T22:15:00.000-08:00
Windows Xp Tricks

91. Menghentikan pencarian floppy disk drive
Dalam konfigurasi standar,Windows selalu melakukan pendeteksian floppy disk drive baru setiap kali melakukan start. Karena biasanya tidak ada yang berubah pada drive tersebut, Anda dapat mematikan option tersebut agar start Windows berjalan lebih cepat.Bukalah "Properties"-nya melalui klikkanan pada My Computer.
Klik pada"Performance |File System" dan pilih tab"Floppy Disk".

Deaktivasi option "Searchfor new floppy disk drives each time your computer starts."dan konfirmasikan denganmengklik "OK".

92. Menonaktifkan Scandisk

Bila Anda tidak men-shutdown Windows melalui Start menu sebagaimana mestinya, pada start Windows berikutnya Scandisk otomatis dijalankan dan memeriksa hard disk apakah terdapat file-file yang rusak.
Bila Scandisk bagi Anda terlalu lambat, matikan saja fungsiotomatisasi Windows ini. Masukkan perintah"msconfig" pada "Run" dalam Start menu dan buka "System ConfigurationUtility" dengan menekan [Enter].

Klik"Advanced" dalam tab "General" dan aktifkanoption "Disable Scandisk after badshutdown". Tutuplah semua jendela yang aktif dengan "OK" dan lakukan start ulang Windows.

93. Meniadakan pencarian yang tak perlu saat start Windows 95, 98, Me

Saat start, Windows mencari file WINSTART.BAT dan menjalankan perintahnya secara otomatis. Ia
akan memeriksa semua drive hard disk untuk menemukan file tersebut. Akibatnya aktivitas tersebut menghambat proses bootWindows. Karena itu buatlah sebuah filekosong WINSTART.BAT dalam folder

C:\\WINDOWS (folder default Windows9x) atau C:\\WINME (folder default WindowsMe) dengan editor Notepad. Dengandemikian start Windows berlangsung lebih cepat beberapa detik, tergantung kecepatan hard disk yang terpasangdi PC Anda.

94. Tips Acces 2000 - Mengubah autoselect

Secara default, ketika Anda mendatangi sebuah field yang sudah mengandung data dengan tombolTab, data pada field tersebut akan langsung diseleksi.

Jika Anda lengsung mengetikkan suatu karakter, data yang lama akan langsung ditimpa. Jika Anda hanya ingin mengedit sebuah karakter yang salah ketik, Anda terpaksa harus meraih mouse dan mengklik sekali pada field itu, atau
menekan F2 untuk mengaktifkan mode Edit.Untuk melakukannya, pilihlah menu Tools*--->Options, lalu klik pada tab Keyboard.

Pada bidang Behaviour entering field (sebelah kanan atas), pilihlah Go to start of field atau Go to End of field, untuk menggantikan pilihan Select entire field.

Sekarang, ketika Anda memasuki sebuah field yang sudah mengandung data dengan tombol Tab, isi field tersebut tidak lagi akan diseleksi.

95. Define a logical value for System Cache

Depending upon how you intend to use your computer (like a workstation or server ), it may make sense to set the system cache. Open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit.

Navigate to [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM \\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\Memory Management] .

In this look for value of "LargeSystemCache".

If available, do one of the following:

If intention is to use the computer like a workstation, set its value to 0.
If intention is to use the computer like a server, set its value to 1.

96. Control parsing of autoexec.bat

In Window 3.1 autoexec.bat was one of the few choices of executing any app at boot time. But its importance has gradually thinned. It is still supported but you can pretty much do without it for most part.

If you do not need to parse the autoexec.bat (there may not be anything in it anyway !), you can tell Windows XP to do that. Open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit.

Navigate to [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon] .
In this look for value of "ParseAutoexec".

If available, do one of the following:

If you want to disable parsing of autoexec.bat, set its value to 0.

If you want to enable parsing of autoexec.bat, set its value to 1.

97. Disable XP to open the compressed zipped folder

I am comfortable with the default capability that Windows XP provides to unzip the
zipped/compressed files/folders. But if you are used to winzip/pkzip or any other third vendor software, it may make sense to avoid confusion by disabling default unzipper code in windows.
To do this go to START-RUN and entering "regsvr32 /u zipfldr.dll" (without quotes). To enable it go to START-RUN and entering "regsvr32 zipfldr.dll" (without quotes).

98. Automatically kill non-responding application at shutdown

Remember this ! It happens to all of us invariably sometime or the other no matter what you do.

Don't you hate waiting for those extra seconds and then simply responding yes to the windows query. Well you have a remedy. You can tell Windows XP to automatically close all non responding windows.

Open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit.

Navigate to [HKEY_USERS\\.DEFAULT\\Control Panel\\Desktopn] .

In this look for value of "AutoEndTasks". If available, do one of the following:
If you want to enable automatic killing of non responding tasks, set its value to 1. to disable it set it back to 0.

99. Improve Shutdown.

Lets not save your active session's settings on exit If you Don't care which windows app was located where when you are shutting down the system, this tip may in fact help improve the shutdown time a bit (a bit not too much)..Simply inform windows not
to save the settings at exit time. To do this , open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit.

Navigate to

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer] . In this look for value of "NoSaveSettings".

If available, do one of the following:

If you want to enable no save on exit, set its value to 1 else to save on exit. set it back to 0.

100. Disable use of Win key

I am not sure why you would ever want to do this except probably if you do not have a windows enabled keyboard but here is the tip anyway (tip for the sack of tip !!!!).
To disable use of Win key,open registry by going to START-RUN and entering regedit.

Navigate to

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Keyboard Layout] . In this look for value of "Scancode Map".

Its binary data so be extra careful:

Set its value to "00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 5B E0 00 00 5C E0 00 00 00 00" to disable the win key.

Warning:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All the Tricks, which had shown in this site, is just for Teaching and Learning purpose. Use all tricks on your personal risk.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.

How to add new destinations to "Send To" menu in windows XP?

2008-01-22T22:37:00.001-08:00
In windows environment, the Send To command is used to transfer files from one location to different locations. By using this command, a user can quickly send his file between default destinations (default lists in Send To menu, for example Desktop, CD/DVD Drive, My Documents, Mail Recipient and Floppy Drive). These are the default Send To menu lists in windows XP. To increase the data transfer speed between different locations, you can add more new destination in Send To lists.

Follow the given steps to add new destinations to Send To lists:

First click on Start button and type sendto in Run option then press Ok button.

A window will appear with default Send To lists (Compressed (zipped) Folder, Desktop (create shortcut), Mail Recipient, My Documents).

Now using drag-and-drop technique (or using copy and paste method), you can move any program, folders and drives shortcuts to this folder.

Now you can verify, your new shortcut is created in Send To menu.

But next times, if you want to delete any destination, then open the Sent To folder and remove the destination shortcut.

warning :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All the Tricks which had shown in this site is just for Teaching and Learning purpose.use all tricks on your personal risk.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.

How to increase the processor power of your computer?

2008-01-22T22:34:00.000-08:00
Today tip is very useful for those users who are still using computer with minimum processor speed. To increase the performance of slow computer, you can force your system to free up the idle tasks that are running in the background and sharing processor power. This end tasks method force the computer to devote its full processor resource to what you want it to do.

Follow the given steps to end the idle tasks:

To enable this feature, you will need to be logged into your computer with administrative rights.

Click Start button and click on Run option.

border="0" alt="aglocomails.com">

In the Run box, type the command Rundll32.exe advapi32.dll,ProcessIdleTasks command and press Ok button.

Here system will take some time to end the background idle tasks.

warning :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All the Tricks which had shown in this site is just for Teaching and Learning purpose.use all tricks on your personal risk.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.

Change Background color of Dos

2008-01-21T22:46:00.000-08:00
changing the DOS background colour

The value DefaultColor controls the foreground and background colors used in command prompt windows. It has a default value of 0, for standard white text on a black background.
CHANGING DOS BACKGROUND
Open your registry (press win+r and type regedit , hit enter )
goto

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor]

u'll find "DefaultColor"

You can replace it's value with a two-digit hexadecimal number, in which the first digit selects a background color and the second a foreground color. The hexadecimal codes are:

Hexadecimal value Color
0 Black
1 Blue
2 Green
3 Aqua
4 Red
5 Purple
6 Yellow
7 White
8 Gray
9 Light Blue
A Light Green
B Light Aqua
C Light Red
D Light Purple
E Light Yellow
F Bright White

A value of F0, for example, would give black text on a white background, and 1E would yield yellow text on a blue background.

The change should take effect the next time you open a console window.

For Further Detail Mail at masteragarwal@yahoo.com

Change windows to your name

2008-01-21T22:44:00.001-08:00
Change windows to your name

open notepad dump the following lines into it and save it with the name OEMINFO.INI in the c:\windows\system32 directory:

[General]
Manufacturer=Your Name Here
Model=Your Model Here
[Support Information]
Line1=Your Name Here
Line2=Your Address Here
Line3=Your Email Address Here

Save the file, then make a right click on my computer select properties, in the general tab a button will be highlighted (support information) make a click on it, you will be able to see the changes.
Now if you want to display some more information then simply increase the line in the file.
ex: Line4=Your Working Hours Here

For Further details Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com

Trick to Show ur name after time in taskbar

2008-01-21T22:42:00.000-08:00
Trick to Show ur name after time in taskbar...

Hi freinds !
I m here to tell u a trick to add up ur name in place of AM and PM beside time and make urself to feel proud among ur group of frnds.
Its simple
Start -> Control Pannel -> Regional and LAnguage option -> Customize (beside English US) -> Go to TIME tab -> Change AM symbol and PM symbol from AM and PM to ur name -> Apply -> Ok ...
IS it changed ??? Might be not ...Now go to time in taskbar and Double Click it to open "Date and time property" ...Look place where time chnges in digital form i.e. 02:47:52 AM , click to arrow to cnage the AM or PM by selecting and press arrow. It will Show ur name or name that was entered by u, Apply -> OK and be HAPPY

For Further Details mail at masteragarwal@yahoo.com

Cracking the Windows Screen Saver Password

2008-01-15T21:59:00.000-08:00
Cracking the Windows Screen Saver Password

This is an interesting hack and not many people know about it. This requires no

canned hacking tool, we will crack the password manually!!! First of all, why do we need to crack the Windows Screen Saver? How does it restrict us? If a Screen Saver is password protected, then whenever it is turned on, then in order to turn it off, you need to enter a password. It does not allow us to do anything on a system until and unless we enter the password. We will keep seeing

the screen saver until we authenticate ourselves by entering the password. No not even CTRL+ALT+DEL works in this case. An average user encounters around 20 different places where he needs to type in the password. Most people fin dit very difficult to remember even more than a single password, hence to make life easier for themselves, they use the same password in all the places. And also on some systems the Login password is same as the Screen Saver Password. Hence it is very useful to crack the Screen Saver Password.

Now let's move onto cracking the Screen Saver Password. For this example, protect your screen saver with the password, 'DOPE'. Windows stores the Screen Saver password in the user.dat file in the Windows directory. If you have multiple profiles on your system then it is stored in the user.dat file in the c:\windows\profiles\username directory.(On Win 3x systems it is stored in the control.ini file). The user.dat file constitutes the registry of the Windows system, thus we can say that the Windows Screen Saver Password is stored in the registry. First of all, you need to change the attributes of this file and make it editable by right clicking on it and unselecting the Read Only Option else you will not be able to edit it.

Once this is done, open this file in WordPad (Any text editor will do except MS WORD And Notepad.)Now look for the string: ScreenSave_Data

You will find an even number of characters after Data, this is the Screen Saver

Password encrypted and stored in the hex system. Each pair or hex values represent a single ASCII plain text character. This means that if there are 10 hex values then the password is of 5 characters, each pair of Hex values standing for a single plaintext ASCII character. So in order to get the Plaintext password you just need to decrypt these hex values into ASCII.

There are many screen Saver Password de crypters around which decode the password for you but I believe that it would be better if we could do it manually without using a third party canned hacking tool. And hey it is really simple once you get the hang of it. The only thing you need to know is the various number systems. This means that you need to know The Hex system, The Decimal System and also The Binary System.

For example ASCII character 'A' is 41h(ex), 65 Dec(imal) and 01000001 binary.

One could also get hold of a good ASCII chart which has all the number systems and their conversions. Make sure that the ASCII chart you get has Hex, Decimal, Binary and of course plaintext ASCII.

XOR

Before I go on let me introduce you to XOR. The following is the chart you need to refer to when you need to evaluate the XOR value.

input value A input value B Output

+--------------------------------------+

0 0 0

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 0

+--------------------------------------+

Example

Question: Answer:

00001100 00001100

00101001 00101001

-------- <--XOR -------- <--XOR

???????? 00100101

You may ask how did that happen? Well it's easy. Take the case of the first digits. The Input Value A is 0 and the Input Value B is also 0. Now refer to the XOR chart. You find that the Output when both the Input values are 0 is also 0. Similarly consider the third values. Input Value A is 0 and the Input value B is 1. If we refer to the XOR chart, we find that the Output is 1. However the conventional method is to start from the right, as we are taught in school.

**********************

Hacking Truth: The Screen Saver Password cannot be longer than 14 characters because if it is longer the system will not either prompt for the password or will hang and reboot.

**********************

It's an even string containing letters and numbers. This is your password. If you've read everything

you should have changed your password to 'DOPE' which is 4 characters

long, and your encrypted password is 8 characters long, (0CA12658)

Hmmm. so D O P E is the same as 0C A1 26 58.

So

D= 0C

O= A1

P= 26

E= 58

Am I right? Ok, and now listen carefully; the 0 represents 4 and C represents

4 too after decryption. Put those two number together and you get

44(h). This is the way you have to do that, with every decrypted couple.

Ok grab an ASCII table and look at 44 HEX. That's 'D' like in DOPE

know what I mean?

So now I'll show you how to get the encryption scheme:

0C --> 44h --> ASCII char 'D'

That means 0 --> 4

C --> 4

ok, now the binary

0 = 00000000

????????

-------- <--XOR

4 = 00000100

Can you still follow me? It might sound a bit weird, but trust me, it is quite simple. Read it again to make it clear.

0 = 00000000

00000100

-------- <--XOR

4 = 00000100

Ok now you know that for the first part 00000100 is used

to decrypt the password, right? But with the second one it

goes different. Then the second part of the hex number, ok C must become 4 too,

so that's easy ;

C = 00001100

????????

--------

4 = 00000100

After performing XOR you will get

C = 00001100

00001000 <-- we found our encryption scheme for the second char and

-------- of the first encrypted character

4 = 00000100

Ok, so far so good, we now know how 0C gets decrypted to

'D' and that the second part uses 00001000

So we must check if it really works. Yeah. So we'll check it,

change your password to 'ERIKA' and the string in the user.dat

will be 0DBC3F5626. Ok, 0D = E

so check it out,

0 = 00000000

00000100 <-- Found decryption scheme

-------- <-- XOR

00000100 <-- 4!

D = 00001101

00001000 <-- Found decryption scheme

-------- <-- XOR

00000101 <-- 5!

So combine the 2 answers and you'll get 45! 45 HEX is ASCII 'E'!! Just like

in 'ERIKA'! So we now know how to decrypt the 1 letter/number of a

password! BUT, as you see and as you know I'll repeat this all shortly

The first password was DOPE with a first character 'D'

the 'D' was encrypted as '0C'. We knew that those two characters

represented the Hex code of the ASCII code 'D', 44! So that means

that 0C has to become 44, we did that with XOR and to make 0

a 4 you had to use 00000100, and to make C a 4 you needed to use

00001000. So that means That if you don't know the decrypted password,

but you found '0D'as first two characters of the password you need

to use the same two binary numbers, 00000100 and 00001000. So you

did that and 0 came out as 4, which is logical, and D came out as

5, using 00001000.

Encrypted password:

09 AC 35 59 22 2F E6 53 33 C6 0C B4 19 DB

Decrypting...

+-----------+

[09] AC 35 59 22 2F E6 53 33 C6 0C B4 19 DB

0=

00000000

00000100 <--- We found that one earlier

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

9=

00001001

00001000 <--- This one too

--------XOR

00000001 = 1

09 = 41 = A

Password until now: A

~

09 [AC] 35 59 22 2F E6 53 33 C6 0C B4 19 DB

A=

00001010

00001110 <--- You didn't knew this one yet, did you? hehehe

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

C=

00001100

00001110

--------XOR

00000010 = 2

AC = 42 = B

Password until now: AB

~

09 AC [35] 59 22 2F E6 53 33 C6 0C B4 19 DB

3=

00000011

00000111

--------XOR

00000100 = 4 (yes, it is a coincidence. Don't expect 4 to come out always)

5=

00000101

00000110

--------XOR

00000011 = 3

35 = 43 = C

Password until now: ABC

~

09 AC 35 [59] 22 2F E6 53 33 C6 0C B4 19 DB

5=

00000101

00000001

--------XOR

00000100 = 4 (*sighs*)

9=

00001001

00001101

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

59 = 44 = D

Password until now: ABCD

~

09 AC 35 59 [22] 2F E6 53 33 C6 0C B4 19 DB

2=

00000010

00000110

--------

00000100 = 4

2=

00000010

00000111

--------

00000101 = 5

22 = 45 = E

Password until now = ABCDE

~

09 AC 35 59 22 [2F] E6 53 33 C6 0C B4 19 DB

2=

00000010

00000110

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

F=

00001111

00001001

--------XOR

00000110 = 6

2F = 46 = F

Password until now: ABCDEF

~

09 AC 35 59 22 2F [E6] 53 33 C6 0C B4 19 DB

E=

00001110

00001010

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

6=

00000110

00000001

--------XOR

00000111 = 7

E6 = 47 = G

Password until now: ABCDEFG

~

09 AC 35 59 22 2F E6 [53] 33 C6 0C B4 19 DB

5=

00000101

00000001

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

3=

00000011

00001011

--------XOR

00001000 = 8

53 = 48 = H

Password until now: ABCDEFGH

~

09 AC 35 59 22 2F E6 53 [33] C6 0C B4 19 DB

3=

00000011

00000111

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

3=

00000011

00001010

--------XOR

00001001 = 9

33 = 49 = I

Password until now: ABCDEFGHI

~

09 AC 35 59 22 2F E6 53 33 [C6] 0C B4 19 DB

C=

00001100

00001000

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

6=

00000110

00001100

--------XOR

00001010 = A

C6 = 4A = J

Password until now: ABCDEFGHIJ

~

09 AC 35 59 22 2F E6 53 33 C6 [0C] B4 19 DB

0=

00000000

00000100

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

C=

00001100

00000111

--------XOR

00001011 = B

0C = 4B = K

Password until now: ABCDEFGHIJK

~

09 AC 35 59 22 2F E6 53 33 C6 0C [B4] 19 DB

B=

00001011

00001111

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

4=

00000100

00001000

--------XOR

00001100 = C

B4 = 4C = L

Password until now: ABCDEFGHIJKL

~

09 AC 35 59 22 2F E6 53 33 C6 0C B4 [19] DB

1=

00000001

00000101

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

9=

00001001

00000100

--------XOR

00001101 = D

19 = 4D = M

Password until now: ABCDEFGHIJKLM

~

09 AC 35 59 22 2F E6 53 33 C6 0C B4 19 [DB]

D=

00001101

00001001

--------XOR

00000100 = 4

B=

00001011

00000101

--------XOR

00001110 = E

DB = 4E = N

COMPLETE PASSWORD: ABCDEFGHIJKLMN

I did this so you could see 14 encrypted characters, being decrypted.

Also you could see the decryption scheme that I used, which is always

the same as I used. But, for beginners who didn't paid attention or are

too lazy to look it up above here is the entire decryption scheme:

Number. in string 1st char of encrypted password : 2nd

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+

1 00000100 00001000

2 00001110 00001110

3 00000111 00000110

4 00000001 00001101

5 00000110 00000111

6 00000110 00001001

7 00001010 00000001

8 00000001 00001011

9 00000111 00001010

10 00001000 00001100

11 00000100 00000111

12 00001111 00001000

13 00000101 00000100

14 00001001 00000101

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+

So...I'll give another example, here I show how to use the scheme printed

above and how to decrypt an unknown password. If you already get it, just

skip this part and read the next part. Here we go;

Encrypted password;

18A1394D

As you can see it's 8 chars long.

Well, let's go!

1= 00000001

00000100 <-- look it up in the scheme above, pos 1,1

--------XOR

00000101 --> 5

8= 00001000

00001000 <-- Scheme positions 1,2

--------XOR

00000000 --> 0

Combine those two solutions and you'll get 50h(ex); ASCII char 'P'

Ok, second couple;

A= 00001010

00001110 <-- Scheme pos. 2,1

--------

00000100 --> 4

1= 00000001

00001110 <-- Scheme pos. 2,2

--------XOR

00001111 --> F

Combine those two solutions and you'll get 4Fh; ASCII char 'O'

Ok, third couple;

3= 00000011

00000111 <-- scheme..etc

--------XOR

00000100 --> 4

9= 00001001

00000110

--------XOR

00001111 --> F

Same as the previous one...4Fh = ASCII char 'O'

Next couple; Fourth one

4= 00000100

00000001

--------XOR

00000101 --> 5

D= 00001101

00001101

--------XOR

00000000 --> 0

And you'll get 50h = 'P' so the password was POOP. Got it?

The above process is quite not necessary and there is a simpler way to crack.

warning :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All the Tricks which had shown in this site is just for Teaching and Learning purpose.use all tricks on your personal risk.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.

Secret About Windows Operating System

2008-01-14T23:00:00.000-08:00
Secret About Windows Operating System

This time I have a collection of Tips and Tricks which no body normally knows, the secrets which Microsoft is afraid to tell the people, the information which you will seldom find all gathered up and arranged in a single file. To fully reap this Manual you need to have a basic understanding of the Windows Registry, as almost all the Tricks and Tips involve this file.

Important Note: Before you read on, you need to keep one thing in mind. Whenever you make changes to the Windows Registry you need to Refresh it before the changes take place. Simply press F5 to refresh the registry and enable the changes. If this does not work Restart your system

Exiting Windows the Cool and Quick Way

Normally it takes a hell lot of time just Shutting down Windows, you have to move your mouse to the Start Button, click on it, move it again over Shut Down, click, then move it over the necessary option and click, then move the cursor over the OK button and once again (you guessed it) click.This whole process can be shortened by creating shortcuts on the Desktop which will shut down Windows at the click of a button. Start by creating a new shortcut( right click and select New> Shortcut). Then in the command line box, type (without the quotes.)

'C:\windows\rundll.exe user.exe,exitwindowsexec'

This Shortcut on clicking will restart Windows immediately without any Warning. To create a Shortcut to Restarting Windows, type the following in the Command Line box:

'c:\windows\rundll.exe user.exe,exitwindows'

This Shortcut on clicking will shut down Windows immediately without any Warning.

Ban Shutdowns : A trick to Play on Lamers

This is a neat trick you can play on that lamer that has a huge ego, in this section I teach you, how to disable the Shut Down option in the Shut Down Dialog Box. This trick involves editing the registry, so please make backups. Launch regedit.exe and go to :

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer

In the right pane look for the NoClose Key. If it is not already there then create it by right clicking in the right pane and selecting New > String Value.(Name it NoCloseKey ) Now once you see the NoCloseKey in the right pane, right click on it and select Modify. Then Type 1 in the Value Data Box.

Doing the above on a Win98 system disables the Shut Down option in the Shut Down Dialog Box. But on a Win95 machine if the value of NoCloseKey is set to 1 then click on the Start > Shut Down button displays the following error message:

This operation has been cancelled due to restrictions in effect on this computer. Please contact your system administrator.

You can enable the shut down option by changing the value of NoCloseKey to 0 or simply deleting the particular entry i.e. deleting NoCloseKey.

Instead of performing the above difficult to remember process, simply save the following with an extension of .reg and add it's contents to the registry by double clicking on it.

REGEDIT4

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer]

"NoClose"="1"

Disabling Display of Drives in My Computer

This is yet another trick you can play on your geek friend. To disable the display of local or networked drives when you click My Computer go to :

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer

Now in the right pane create a new DWORD item and name it NoDrives. Now modify it's value and set it to 3FFFFFF (Hexadecimal) Now press F5 to refresh. When you click on My Computer, no drives will be shown. To enable display of drives in My Computer, simply delete this DWORD item. It's .reg file is as follows:

REGEDIT4

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer]

"NoDrives"=dword:03ffffff

Take Over the Screen Saver

To activate and deactivate the screen saver whenever you want, goto the following registry key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ScreenSavers

Now add a new string value and name it Mouse Corners. Edit this new value to -Y-N. Press F5 to refresh the registry. Voila! Now you can activate your screensaver by simply placing the mouse cursor at the top right corner of the screen and if you take the mouse to the bottom left corner of the screen, the screensaver will deactivate.

Pop a banner each time Windows Boots

To pop a banner which can contain any message you want to display just before a user is going to log on, go to the key:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WinLogon

Now create a new string Value in the right pane named LegalNoticeCaption and enter the value that you want to see in the Menu Bar. Now create yet another new string value and name it: LegalNoticeText. Modify it and insert the message you want to display each time Windows boots. This can be effectively used to display the company's private policy each time the user logs on to his NT box. It's .reg file would be:

REGEDIT4

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Winlogon]

"LegalNoticeCaption"="Caption here."

Delete the Tips of the Day to save 5KB

Windows 95 had these tips of the day which appeared on a system running a newly installed Windows OS. These tips of the day are stored in the Windows Registry and consume 5K of space. For those of you who are really concerned about how much free space your hard disk has, I have the perfect trick.

To save 5K go to the following key in Regedit:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Tips

Now simply delete these tricks by selecting and pressing the DEL key.

Change the Default Locations

To change the default drive or path where Windows will look for it's installation files, go to the key:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Setup\SourcePath

Now you can edit as you wish.

Secure your Desktop Icons and Settings

You can save your desktop settings and secure it from your nerdy friend by playing with the registry. Simply launch the Registry Editor go to:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer

In the right pane create a new DWORD Value named NoSaveSettings and modify it's value to 1. Refresh and restart for the settings to get saved.

CLSID Folders Explained

Don't you just hate those stubborn stupid icons that refuse to leave the desktop, like the Network Neighborhood icon. I am sure you want to know how you can delete them. You may say, that is really simple, simply right click on the concerned icon and select Delete. Well not exactly, you see when you right click on these special folders( see entire list below)neither the rename nor the delete option does not appear. To delete these folders, there are two methods, the first one is using the System Policy Editor(Poledit in the Windows installation CD)and the second is using the Registry.

Before we go on, you need to understand what CLSID values are. These folders, like the Control Panel, Inbox, The Microsoft Network, Dial Up Networking etc are system folders. Each system folder has a unique CLSID key or the Class ID which is a 16-byte value which identifies an individual object that points to a corresponding key in the registry.

To delete these system Folders from the desktop simply go to the following registry key:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Desktop\Namespace{----}

To delete an icon simply delete the 16 byte CLSID value within "NameSpace". The following are the CLSID values of the most commonly used icons:

My Briefcase:{85BBD920-42AO-1069-A2E4-08002B30309D}

Desktop: {00021400-0000-0000-C000-0000000000046}

Control Panel:{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}

Dial-Up-Networking:{992CFFA0-F557-101A-88EC-00DD01CCC48}

Fonts: {BD84B380-8CA2-1069-AB1D-08000948534}

Inbox :{00020D76-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}

My Computer :{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}

Network Neighborhood:{208D2C60-3AEA-1069-A2D7-O8002B30309D}

Printers :{2227A280-3AEA-1069-A2DE-O8002B30309D}

Recycle Bin :{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}

The Microsoft Network:{00028B00-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}

History: {FF393560-C2A7-11CF-BFF4-444553540000}

Winzip :{E0D79300-84BE-11CE-9641-444553540000}

For example, to delete the Recycle Bin, first note down it's CLSID value, which is: 645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E. Now go to the Namespace key in the registry and delete the corresponding key.

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\explorer\Desktop\NameSpace\{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}

Similarly to delete the History folder, delete the following key:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\explorer\Desktop\NameSpace\{FBF23B42-E3F0-101B-8488-00AA003E56F8}

Sometimes, you may need to play a trick on your brother or friend, well this one teaches you how to hide all icons from the Desktop. Go to the following registry key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer

In the right pane create a new DWORD value by the name: NoDesktop and set its value to: 1. Reboot and you will find no icons on the desktop.

Till now you simply learnt how to delete the special system folders by deleting a registry key, but the h@*k would have been better if there was a way of adding the DELETE and RENAME option to the right click context menus of these special folders. You can actually change the right click context menu of any system folder and add any of the following options: RENAME, DELETE, CUT, COPY, PASTE and lots more.

This h@*k too requires you to know the CLSID value of the system folder whose menu you want to customize. In this section, I have taken up Recycle Bin as the folder whose context menu I am going to edit.

Firstly launch the registry editor and open the following registry key:

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}\ShellFolder.

In Case you want to edit some other folder like say the FONTS folder, then you will open the following key:

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{CLSID VALUE HERE}\ShellFolder.

In the right pane there will be a DWORD value names attributes. Now consider the following options:

To add the Rename option to the menu, change the value of Attributes to
50 01 00 20

To add the Delete option to the menu, change the value of Attributes to
60 01 00 20

3. To add both the Rename & Delete options to the menu, change the value of Attributes to 70,01,00,20

4. Add Copy to the menu, change Attributes to 41 01 00 20

5. Add Cut to the menu, change Attributes to 42 01 00 20

6. Add Copy & Cut to the menu, change Attributes to 43 01 00 20

7. Add Paste to the menu, change Attributes to 44 01 00 20

8. Add Copy & Paste to the menu, change Attributes to 45 01 00 20

9. Add Cut & Paste to the menu, change Attributes to 46 01 00 20

10.Add all Cut, Copy & Paste to the menu, change Attributes to 47 01 00 20

We want to add only the Rename option to the right click context menu of the Recycle Bin, so change the value of attributes to: 50 01 00 20. Press F5 to refresh and then after rebooting you will find that when you right click on the Recycle Bin a RENAME option pops up too.

To reset the default Windows options change the value of Attributes back to

40 01 00 20

The Registry File which one can create for the above process would be something like the below:

REGEDIT4

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}\Shell-Folder]

"Attributes"=hex:50,01,00,20

To access say the Modem Properties in the Control Panel Folder, the normal procedure is: Click on Start, Click on Settings> Control Panel and then wait for the Control Panel window to pop up and then ultimately click on the Modems icon.

Wouldn't it be lovely if you could shorten the process to: Click on Start> Control Panel>Modems. Yes you can add the Control Panel and also all other Special System Folders directly to the first level Start Menu. Firstly collect the CLSID value of the folder you want to add to the start menu. I want to add Control Panel hence the CLSID value is: 21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D

Now right click on the Start Button and select Open. Now create a new folder and name it: Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}

NOTE: Do not forget the period after the 'l' in Panel. Similarly all system folders can be added to the Start Menu.(accept My Briefcase, I think)

Deleting System Options from the Start menu

You can actually remove the Find and Run options from the start menu by performing a simple registry h@*k. Again like always Launch the registry editor and scroll down to the below key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer

Right-click on the right pane and select New, DWORD Value. Name it NoFind.(To remove the RUN option name it NoRun). Double-click the newly create DWORD to edit it's value and enter 1 as its value. This will disable the FIND option of the Start Menu and will also disable the default Shortcut key(F3 for Find.)

To restore the Run or find command modify the value of the DWORD to 0 or simply Delete the DWORD value.

Fed Up of the boring Old Yellow Folder Icons?[Drive Icons Included]

NOTE: This trick hasn't been tried on Win98.

You can easily change the boring yellow folder icons to your own personalized icons. Simply create a text file and copy the following lines into it:

[.ShellClassInfo]

ICONFILE=Drive:\Path\Icon_name.extension

Save this text file by the name, desktop.ini in the folder, whose icon you want to change. Now to prevent this file from getting deleted change it's attributes to Hidden and Read Only by using the ATTRIB command.

To change the icon of a drive, create a text file containing the following lines:

[Autorun]

ICON=Drive:\Path\Icon_name.extension

Save this file in the root of the drive whose icon you want to change and name it autorun.inf For Example, if you want to change the icon of a floppy, SAVE THE icon in a:\icon_name.ico One can also create a kewl icon for the Hard Disk and create a text file [autorun.inf] and store it in "c:\".

Securing NT

By default, NT 4.0 displays the last person who logged onto the system. This can be considered to be a security threat, especially in the case of those who choose their password to be same as their Username. To disable this bug which actually is a feature, go to the following key in the registry editor:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon

Click and select the ReportBookOK item and create a new string value called DontDisplayLastUserName. Modify it and set it's value to 1.

As a system administrator, you can ensure that the passwords chosen by the users are not too lame or too easy to guess. NT has this lovely utility called the User Manager which allows the administrator to set the age limit of the password which forces the users to change the password after a certain number of days. You can also set the minimum length of passwords and prevent users to use passwords which already have been used earlier and also enable account lockouts which will deactivate an account after a specified number of failed login attempts.

When you log on to Win NT, you should disable Password Caching, this ensures Single NT Domain login and also prevents secondary Windows Logon screen.

Simply copy the following lines to a plain text ASCII editor like: Notepad and save it with an extension, .reg

----------------DISABLE.reg-----------------

REGEDIT4

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Network]

"DisablePwdCaching"=dword:00000001

----------------DISABLE.reg-----------------

To Enable Password Caching use the following .reg file:

--------------Enable.reg-----------------

REGEDIT4

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Network]

"DisablePwdCaching"=dword:00000000

--------------Enable.reg-----------------

Cleaning Recent Docs Menu and the RUN MRU

The Recent Docs menu can be easily disabled by editing the Registry. To do this go to the following Key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer

Now in the right pane, create a new DWORD value by the name: NoRecentDocsMenu and set it's value to 1. Restart Explorer to save the changes.

You can also clear the RUN MRU history. All the listings are stored in the key:

HKEY_USERS\.Default\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\RunMRU

You can delete individual listings or the entire listing. To delete History of Find listings go to:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Doc Find Spec MRU

and delete.

Customizing the Right Click Context Menu of the Start Menu

When you right click on the start menu, only 3 options pop up: Open, Explore, and Find. You can add your own programs to this pop up menu( which comes up when we right click on it.) Open Regedit and go to the following registry key:

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Shell

Right click on the shell and create a new Sub Key (You can create a new SubKey by right clicking on the Shell Key and selecting New > Key.). Type in the name of the application you want to add to the start menu. I want to add Notepad to the Start Menu and hence I name this new sub key, Notepad. Now right click on the new registry key that you just created and create yet another new key named Command. Enter the ful path of the application, in this case Notepad in the default value of Command in the right

pane. So I Modify the value of the default string value and enter the ful pathname of Notepad:

c:\wndows\notepad.exe.

Now press F5 to refresh. Now if you right click on the Start Button you will find a new addition to the Pop Up Menu called Notepad. Clicking on it will launch Notepad.

We can not only add but also remove the existing options in this pop up box.

To delete the Find option, go to the following registry key:

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Shell\Find

Delete Find. DO NOT delete Open else you will not be able to open any folders in the Start Menu like Programs, Accessories etc.

BMP Thumbnail As Icon

You can actually change the default BMP icon to a thumbnail version of the actual BMP file. To do this simply go to HKCU\Paint.Picture\Default. In the right pane change the value of default to %1. Please note however that this will slow down the display rate in explorer if there are too many BMP thumbnails to display. You can use other icons too, simply enter the pathname.To restore back to the normal change the vale of default back to: C:\Progra~1\Access~1\MSPAINT.EXE,1.

Customizing The Shortcut Arrow

All shortcuts have a tiny black arrow attached to it's icon to distinguish from normal files. This arrow can sometimes be pretty annoying and as a Hacker should know how to change each and everything, here goes another trick. Launch the Registry Editor and go to:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\explorer\Shell Icons.

Now, on the right pane is a list of icons ( we found out that on some systems, Windows 98 especially, the right pane is blank. Don't worry, just add the value as required ). Find the value 29. If it isn't there, just add it. The value of this string should be C:\Windows\system\shell32.dll, 29 ( which means the 30th icon in shell32.dll - the first one begins with 0 ). Now, we need blank icon to do this. Just create one with white as the whole icon. Go here to learn how to create an icon. Once done just change the value to C:\.ico, 0 where "" is the ful path of the icon file and "0" is the icon in it.

Now for some fun. If the blank icon is a bit boring, change it again. You will find that under shell32.dll there is a gear icon, a shared folder ( the hand ) and much more. Experiment for yourself!

Use Perl to Get List or Services Running on your NT box

Use the following Perl Script to get a list of Services running on your NT system

--------------script.pl-----------------

#!c:\per\bin\perl.exe

use Win32::Service;

my ($key, %service, %status, $part);

Win32::Service::GetServices(' ',\%services);

foreach $key (sort keys %services) {

print "Print Name\t: $key, $services{$key}\n";

Win32::Service::GetStatus( ' ',$services{$key};

\%status);

foreach $part (keys %status) {

print "\t$part : $status{$part}\n" if($part eq "CurrentState");

}

}

-------------script.pl-------------------

Internet Explorer Tricks and Tips

Resizable ful Screen Toolbar

The ful Screen option increases the viewable area and makes surfing more enjoyable but sometimes we need the Toolbar but also need to have extra viewing area. Now this h@*k teaches you how to change the size of the Internet Explorer toolbar. This registry h@*k is a bit complicated as it involves Binary values, so to make it simple, I have included the following registry file which will enable the resizable option of the Internet Explorer toolbar which was present in the beta version of IE.

REGEDIT4

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Toolbar]

"Theater"=hex:0c,00,00,00,4c,00,00,00,74,00,00,00,18,00,00,00,1b,00,00,00,5c,\

00,00,00,01,00,00,00,e0,00,00,00,a0,0f,00,00,05,00,00,00,22,00,00,00,26,00,\

00,00,02,00,00,00,21,00,00,00,a0,0f,00,00,04,00,00,00,01,00,00,00,a0,0f,00,\

00,03,00,00,00,08,00,00,00,00,00,00,00

*******************

h@*king TRUTH: Internet Explorer 5 displays the friendly version of HTTP errors like NOT FOUND etc . They are aimed at making things easier for newbies. If you would rather prefer to see the proper error pages for the web server you're using, go to Tools, Internet Options and select the Advanced tab. Then scroll down and uncheck the Show friendly http errors box.

Making the Internet Explorer & the Explorer Toolbars Fancy

The Internet Explorer toolbar looks pretty simple. Want to make it fancy and kewl? Why not add a background image to it. To do this kewl h@*k launch the Windows Registry Editor and go to the following key: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\ Internet Explorer\Toolbar\.

Now in the right pane create a new String Value and name it BackBitmap and modify it's value to the path of the Bitmap you want to dress it up with by rightclicking on it and choosing Modify. When you reboot the Internet Explorer and the Windows Explorer toolbars will have a new look.

Change Internet Explorer's Caption

Don't like the caption of Internet Explorer caption? Want to change it? Open the registry editor and go to

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main.

In the right pane create a new String Value names Window Title (Note the space between Window and Title). Right click on this newly created String Value and select Modify. Type in the new caption you want to be displayed. Restart for the settings to take place.

Now let's move on to some Outlook Express Tricks.

Colorful Background

Don't like the boring background colors of Outlook Express? To change it launch the Windows Registry Editor and scroll down to the

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Mail And News key.

On the left pane, click on ColorCycle or select Edit and Modify in the menu. Now change the value to 1. Close and restart. Now, launch Outlook Express and whenever you open up a New Message, hold down ctrl-shift and tap the z key to scroll to change the background color. Repeat the keystroke to cycle through the colors.

Internet Explorer 5 Hidden Features

Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 has several hidden features which can be controlled using the Windows Registry. Open your registry and scroll down to the following key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Restrictions

Create a new DWORD value named x(See complete list of values of x below) and modify it's value to 1 to enable it and to 0 to disable it.

NoBrowserClose : Disable the option of closing Internet Explorer.

NoBrowserContextMenu : Disable right-click context menu.

NoBrowserOptions : Disable the Tools / Internet Options menu.

NoBrowserSaveAs : Disable the ability to Save As.

NoFavorites : Disable the Favorites.

NoFileNew : Disable the File / New command.

NoFileOpen : Disable the File / Open command.

NoFindFiles : Disable the Find Files command.

NoSelectDownloadDir : Disable the option of selecting a download directory.

NoTheaterMode : Disable the ful Screen view option.

h@*king Secrets

Almost all system administrators make certain changes and make the system restricted. System Administrators can hide the RUN option, the FIND command, the entire Control Panel, drives in My Computer like D: A: etc. They can even restrict activities of a hacker my disabling or hiding, even the tiniest options or tools.

Most commonly these restrictions are imposed locally and are controlled by the Windows Registry. But sometimes the smart system administrators control the activities of the hacker by imposing restrictions remotely through the main server.

Poledit or Policy Editor is a small kewl tool which is being commonly used by system administrators to alter the settings of a system. This utility is not installed by default by Windows. You need to install in manually from the Windows 98 Installation Kit from the Resource Kit folder. user.dat file that we saw earlier.

The Policy Editor tool imposes restrictions on the user's system by editing the user.dat file which in turn means that it edits the Windows Registry to change the settings. It can be used to control or restrict access to each and every folder and option you could ever think of. It has the power to even restrict access to individual folders, files, the Control Panel, MS DOS, the drives available etc. Sometimes this software does make life really hard for a Hacker. So how can we remove the restrictions imposed by the Policy Editor? Well read ahead to learn more.

You see the Policy Editor is not the only way to restrict a user's activities. As we already know that the Policy Editor edits the Windows Registry(user.dat) file to impose such restrictions. So this in turn would mean that we can directly make changes to the Windows Registry using a .reg file or directly to remove or add restrictions.

Launch Regedit and go to the following Registry Key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER/Software/Microsoft/CurrentVersion/Policies

Under this key, there will definitely be a key named explorer. Now under this explorer key we can create new DWORD values and modify it's value to 1 in order to impose the restriction. If you want to remove the Restriction, then you can simply delete the respective DWORD values or instead change their values to 0. The following is a list of DWORD values that can be created under the Explorer Key-:

NoDeletePrinter: Disables Deletion of already installed Printers

NoAddPrinter: Disables Addition of new Printers

NoRun : Disables or hides the Run Command

NoSetFolders: Removes Folders from the Settings option on Start Menu (Control Panel, Printers, Taskbar)

NoSetTaskbar: Removes Taskbar system folder from the Settings option on Start Menu

NoFind: Removes the Find Tool (Start >Find)

NoDrives: Hides and does not display any Drives in My Computer

NoNetHood: Hides or removes the Network Neighborhood icon from the desktop

NoDesktop: Hides all items including, file, folders and system folders from the Desktop

NoClose: Disables Shutdown and prevents the user from normally shutting down Windows.

NoSaveSettings: Means to say, 'Don't save settings on exit'

DisableRegistryTools: Disable Registry Editing Tools (If you disable this option, the Windows Registry Editor(regedit.exe) too

will not work.)

NoRecentDocsHistory: Removes Recent Document system folder from the Start Menu (IE 4 and above)

ClearRecentDocsOnExit: Clears the Recent Documents system folder on Exit.

Nolnternetlcon: Removes the Internet (system folder) icon from the Desktop

Under the same key: HKEY_CURRENT_USER/Software/Microsoft/CurrentVersion/Policies you can create new subkeys other than the already existing Explorer key. Now create a new key and name it System. Under this new key, system we can create the following new DWORD values(1 for enabling the particular option and 0 for disabling the particular option):

NODispCPL: Hides Control Panel

NoDispBackgroundPage: Hides Background page.

NoDispScrsavPage: Hides Screen Saver Page

NoDispAppearancePage: Hides Appearance Page

NoDispSettingsPage: Hides Settings Page

NoSecCPL: Disables Password Control Panel

NoPwdPage: Hides Password Change Page

NoAdminPaqe: Hides Remote Administration Page

NoProfilePage: Hides User Profiles Page

NoDevMgrPage: Hides Device Manager Page

NoConfigPage: Hides Hardware Profiles Page

NoFileSysPage: Hides File System Button

NoVirtMemPage: Hides Virtual Memory Button

Similarly, if we create a new subkey named Network, we can add the following DWORD values under it(1 for enabling the particular option and 0 for disabling the particular option):

NoNetSetupSecurityPage: Hides Network Security Page

NoNelSetup: Hides or disables the Network option in the Control Panel

NoNetSetupIDPage: Hides the Identification Page

NoNetSetupSecurityPage: Hides the Access Control Page

NoFileSharingControl: Disables File Sharing Controls

NoPrintSharing: Disables Print Sharing Controls

Similarly, if we create a new subkey named WinOldApp, we can add the following DWORD values under it(1 for enabling the particular option and 0 for disabling the particular option):

Disabled: Disable MS-DOS Prompt

NoRealMode: Disable Single-Mode MS-DOS.

So you see if you have access to the Windows Registry, then you can easily create new DWORD values and set heir value to 1 for enabling the particular option and 0 for disabling the particular option. But Sometimes, access to the Windows Registry is blocked. So what do you do? Go to the Windows Directory and delete either user.dat or system.dat (These 2 files constitute the Windows Registry.) and reboot. As soon as Windows logs in, it will display a Warning Message informing you about an error in the Windows Registry. Simply ignore this Warning Message and Press CTRL+DEL+ALT to get out of this warning message.(Do not press OK) You will find that all restrictions have been removed.

The most kind of restriction found quite commonly is the Specific Folder Restriction, in which users are not allowed access to specific folders, the most common being the Windows folder, or sometimes even access to My Computer is blocked. In effect, you simply cannot seem to access the important kewl files which are needed by you to do remove restrictions. What do you? Well use the RUN command. (START >RUN). But unfortunately a system administrator who is intelligent enough to block access to specific folder, would definitely have blocked access to the RUN command. Again we are stuck.

Windows is supposed to be the most User Friendly Operating System on earth. (At least Microsoft Says so.)

It gives the User an option to do the same thing in various ways. You see the RUN command is only the most convenient option of launching applications, but not the only way. In Windows you can create shortcuts to almost anything from a file, folder to a Web URL. So say your system administrator has blocked access to the c:\windows\system folder and you need to access it. What do you do? Simply create a Shortcut to it. To do this right click anywhere on the desktop and select New > Shortcut. A new window titled Create Shortcut pops up. Type in the path of the restricted folder you wish to access, in this case c:\windows\system. Click Next, Enter the friendly name of the Shortcut and then click Finish. Now you can access the restricted folder by simply double clicking on the shortcut icon. Well that shows how protected and secure *ahem Windows *ahem is.

h@*king TRUTH: Sometimes when you try to delete a file or a folder, Windows displays an error message saying that the file is protected. This simply means that the file is write protected, or in other words the R option is +. Get it? Anyway, you can stop Windows from displaying this error message and straightaway delete this file by changing its attributes to Non Read Only. This can be done by Right Clicking on the file, selecting Properties and then

unselecting the Read Only Option.

There is yet another way of accessing restricted folders. Use see, DOS has a lovely command known as START. Its general syntax is:

START application_path

It does do what it seems to do, start applications. So in you have access to DOS then you can type in the START command to get access to the restricted folder. Now mostly access to DOS too would be blocked. So again you can use the shortcut trick to launch, c:\command.com or c:\windows\command.com. (Command.com is the file which launches MS DOS).

Accessing Restricted Drives.

The problem with most system administrators is that they think that the users or Hackers too are stupid. Almost all system administrators use the Registry Trick (Explained Earlier) to hide all drives in My Computer. So in order to unhide or display all drives, simply delete that particular key.(Refer to beginning of Untold Secrets Section.)

Some systems have the floppy disk disabled through the BIOS. On those systems if the BIOS is protected, you may need to cr@ck the BIOS password. (For that Refer to the Windows h@*king Chapter). Sometimes making drives readable (Removing R +) and then creating Shortcuts to them also helps us to get access to them.

Further Changing your Operating System's Looks by editing .htt files

If you have installed Windows Desktop Update and have the view as Web Page option enabled, you can customise the way the folder looks by selecting View > Customise this folder. Here you can change the background and other things about that particular folder. Well that is pretty lame, right? We hackers already know things as lame as that. Read on for some kewl stuff.

Well, you could also change the default that is stored in a Hidden HTML Template file (I think so..) which is nothing but a HTML document with a .htt extension. This .htt file is found at: %systemroot%\web\folder.htt.

The %systemroot% stands for the drive in which Windows is Installed, which is normally C:

You can edit these .htt files almost just like you edit normal .HTM or .HTML files. Simply open them in an ASCII editor like Notepad. The following is a list of .htt files on your system which control various folders and which can be edited to customise the way various folders look.

controlp.htt Control Panel

printers.htt Printers

mycomp.htt My Computer

safemode.htt Safe Mode

All these files are found in the web folder in %systemfolder%. The folder.htt file has a line:

'Here's a good place to add a few lines of your own"

which is the place where you can add your own A HREF links. These links would then appear in the folder whose folder.htt file you edited. All this might sound really easy and simple, but you see these .htt files do not contain normal HTML code, instead they contain a mixture of HTML and web bots. Hence they can be difficult for newbies to understand.

warning :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All the Tricks which had shown in this site is just for Teaching and Learning purpose.use all tricks on your personal risk.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.

Configurubg the Outlook Express For Dataone Email

2008-01-14T22:57:00.000-08:00
Configurubg the Outlook Express For Dataone Email
Configuring Outlook Express for Dataone Email:-

Open Outlook Express ->click on Tools -> Click on Accounts -> Click on Mail ->Click on Add ->Click on Mail -> Fill – Display Name: e.g. Arun Nair ->Click on Next -> Fill – Email address: e.g. xyz@dataone.in -> Click on Next -> Select My Incoming Mail server is a POP3 Server -> Fill – Incoming Mail(POP3,IMAP or HTTP) Server: smma.sancharnet.in -> Fill Outgoing mail (SMPT) Server:
smra.sancharnet.in -> Click on Next -> Fill –Account name: e.g. xyz@dataone.in ->Un-tick Remember Password -> Click on Next -> Click on Finish -> Select the Account created and Click on Properties -> Click on Servers -> Tick My Server requires authentication -> Click on Apply -> Click on OK ->Click on Close.

Hidden Commands in Xp

2008-01-14T22:56:00.000-08:00
Hidden Commands in Xp
1- Private Character Editor
This program is for designing icons and Characters(Alphapet)
Click :start
Then :Run
type :EUDCEDIT

2- iExpress
This Program is for conerting your files to EXCUTABLE files
Click : start
Then : run
type : iexpress

3-Disk Cleanup
This program used for cleaning harddisk to offer space
Click : start
Then : run
type : cleanmgr

4-Dr Watson
This program Is for repairing problems in Windows
Click : start
Then : run
type : drwtsn32

5-Windows Media Player 5.1
Opens the old media player
Click : start
Then : run
type : mplay32

Program CODE

Character Map = charmap

DirectX diagnosis = dxdiag

Object Packager = packager

System Monitor = perfmon

Program Manager = progman

Remote Access phone book = rasphone

Registry Editor = regedt32

File siganture verification tool = sigverif

Volume Contro = sndvol32

System Configuration Editor = sysedit

Syskey = syskey

Microsoft Telnet Client = telnet

virus

2008-01-14T22:50:00.000-08:00
Top 10 most prevalent global malware
1. TROJ_GENERIC

Malware Type: Trojan
This is the Trend Micro generic detection for low-threat Trojans. It also installs itself as a browser helper object (BHO) by creating certain registry keys.

2. WORM_NUWAR.CQ

Malware Type: Worm
This worm arrives as an attachment to mass-mailed email messages. It spreads by attaching a copy of itself to an email message, which it sends using its own Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) engine. Having its own SMTP engine allows it to send messages without using any mailing application, such as MS Outlook.

3. WORM_NYXEM.E

Malware Type: Worm
This worm propagates by attaching copies of itself to email messages that it sends to target addresses, using its own SMTP engine. Through this SMTP engine, it is able to easily send the email message without using other mailing applications, such as Microsoft Outlook.

4. WORM_NETSKY.DAM

Malware Type: Worm
This is Trend Micro's detection for the damaged samples of WORM_NETSKY variants. It runs on Windows 95, 98, ME, NT, 2000 and XP.

5. HTML_NETSKY.P

Malware Type: HTML
This HTML malware arrives as an email with an executable file attachment that is detected by Trend Micro as WORM_NETSKY.P. It exploits a known vulnerability in Internet Explorer versions 5.01 and 5.5 known as the Automatic Execution of Embedded MIME Type. This vulnerability causes Internet Explorer to automatically run executable file attachments in email messages.

6. TROJ_SMALL.EDW

Malware Type: Trojan
This Trojan arrives as a file dropped by other malware like WORM_NUWAR.CQ or as a file downloaded unknowingly by a user when visiting malicious URLs. It may also arrive as a downloaded copy by earlier variants.

It is also spammed via email using subject lines related to specific events. The image below is a sample of the said email message.

7. WORM_RONTKBR.GEN

Malware Type: Worm
This is Trend Micro's detection for unknown and future variants of WORM_RONTOKBRO and WORM_BRONTOK malware programs. It serves as a proactive means of safeguarding against possible attacks of the aforementioned malware.

8. WORM_ANIG.A

Malware Type: Worm
This memory-resident worm propagates by dropping copies of itself in shared network drives. It steals login information and saves the obtained data in a file, which can be retrieved by a remote user. Its keylogger component substitutes the standard Microsoft Graphical Identification and Authentication DLL (MSGINA.DLL) to carry out its information-stealing routine.

9. PE_PARITE.A

Malware Type: Worm
This file infector infects .EXE and .SCR files on an infected system and on remote network shares with read and write access. It makes use of port 30167 in order to access network shares. It stays in memory by injecting itself into EXPLORER.EXE; thus, hiding its running process.

10. WORM_MOFEI.B

Malware Type: Worm
This destructive, memory-resident worm attempts to log on to remote machines using a list of user names. It then drops and executes a copy of itself on the remote machines. It has backdoor capabilities, and may execute commands coming from a remote malicious user. The said routine provides the remote user virtual control over the affected machine, thus compromising system security.

Posted by Master

WINDOWS XP TRICKS (Learn Part 15)

2008-01-09T22:17:00.000-08:00
WINDOWS XP TRICKS

86. Menonaktifkan File dan Printer Sharing

Windows memungkinkan pembuatan jaringan peer-to-peer untuk pertukaran data antar PC.
Pertukaran data seperti ini mengandung resiko pengaksesan data Anda oleh siapa saja yang seharusnya tidak berhak.
Walapun aksesnya telah Anda amankan dengan password, tetap saja ada orang yang dapat mengaksesnya dengan dengan meng-hack atau lewat bantuan tool tambahan.

Karena itu lebih baik menentukan sebuah PC khusus hanya digunakan untuk pertukaran data. Yang ingin membagi data dapat meng-copy-kannya ke folder sharing PC tersebut. Pada PC Anda sendiri nonaktifkan sharing.

Untuk itu pilih Properties pada My Network Places dan klik pada "File and
Printer Sharing". Dalam jendela dialog yang tampil uncheck kedua checkbox yang ada.

87. Want to change font size of Internet Explorer content on the fly ?

Do you know that font size of many of the web sites can be changed as per your view pleasure. Yea !

You know about it but do not want to take those additional steps. I hear you ! Here is a tip. If you have a mouse that has scrolling button then fond changing is as easy as pressing CTRL key and rotating scrolling button either towards you (to increase) or away from you (to decrease).
Try it out. It works for me.

88. Want to boost response time of start menu ?

Windows XP is touted as a new generation of OS Xperience. No doubt about that but this experience come at a cost. Resources.
If your hardware configuration (read CPU,RAM) is not upto speed but still
want to boost response time of start menu, here are a few tricks that might help. Open registry editor by going to START-RUN and entering regedit and navigate to key HKEY_CURRENT_USER \\Control Panel \\ Desktop \\ MenuShowDelay .

Change the value (default may be 400) to 5 or 50 or even 0.

This should speed up. If you are not all that crazy for shadowy effects, you can further speed the things up by going to DISPLAY Properties Window and from there to appearance and over there clicking Advanced command button and check off Show menu shadow.

89. Want to enhance Network throughput? Try out this tip.

Network throughput depends on a variety of factors and as such you never no what could be the bottleneck.
One of things that we can try out is the network redirector reserves.Open registry editor by going to START-RUN and entering regedit and navigate to key
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\LanmanWorkstation\\Parameters].

One here, click on right pane and added following Dwords.

Dwords are in hexadecimal (and value as shown below indicates that of 104, valid values are 0-255).

Keep both values same. I think default is 15 or 20. This may help networkthrough put but there is no guarantee. Try it out.

"MaxCmds"=dword:00000068
"MaxThreads"=dword:00000068

90. Change the default search engine in Internet explorer?

Default search engine of Microsoft Internet explorer is MSN. But there are better search engines available.
I like yahoo.com and you may have your own preference. Recently I came across article
that indicated how to change the default search engine through registry.
Open registry editor by going to START-RUN and entering regedit and navigate to following three keys separately and change it as shown below:

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\ Internet Explorer\\Main]
"Search Page"="http://www.google.com"
"Search Bar"="http://www.google.com/ie"
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft \\Internet Explorer\\SearchURL]
""="http://www.google.com/keyword/%s"
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft \\Internet Explorer\\Search]

"SearchAssistant"="http://www.google.com/ie"
(This example is specific to google but there is a Microsoft article that I found on their support site which described show to do it for many other engines. Read all of it at:
warning :
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All the Tricks which had shown in this site is just for Teaching and Learning purpose.use all tricks on your personal risk.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.

WINDOWS XP TRICKS (Learn Part 14)

2008-01-02T04:26:00.000-08:00

WINDOWS XP TRICKS

81. Another tweak to boost up network application performance.

I just read about this over the internet.You can change the priority of applications as soon as
associated IO tasks are completed.
Microsoft TCP/IP Stack component AFD.SYS allows you to do this.
this is a registry tweak and works well with XP.Open Registry by going to
START-RUN and entering REGEDIT and Navigate to
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\AFD\\parameters]
and set the following key values to the values shown.

"TransmitWorker"=dword:00000010
"PriorityBoost"=dword:0000000a

82. Make a habit of cleaning prefetch data once a month.

Prefetch is a new and very useful technique in Windows XP.
However, after using XP some time, the prefetch directory can get full of junk and obsolete links in the Prefetch catalog, which can slow down your computer noticeably.
I would suggest that You do this once a month:
Go to C(system drive):/windows/prefetch, and delete everything and reboot. This may help speed up your computer.

83. Enkripsi file secara otomatis Windows 2000

mempunyai feature pengaman data yang menggunakan encoder data internal untuk drive bersistem file NTFS.
Tingkat enkripsinya mencapai 128 bit yang sukar dipecahkan. Aktifkan enkripsi untuk
sebuah folder atau file dalam Windows Explorer sebagai atribut tambahan.
Klik kanan folder atau file dan pilih Properties.Kemudian klik "Advanced" dan pilih "Encrypt contents to secure data". Setelah "OK", Windows menanyakan, apakah enkripsi hanya berlaku bagi folder atau juga beserta file-file di dalamnya.
Pilihlah option ke-2 dan klik "OK". Selanjutnya Windows akan mengencode setiap file
yang di-copy ke folder ini. Anda dapat bekerja dengan file-file tersebut seperti biasa, tetapi oranglain tidak dapat mengaksesnya - kecualipengelola dengan kunci administrator. Memahami pesan kesalahan dengan benarLaporan kesalahan yang paling seringmuncul saat terjadi crash pada programdi Windows 9x adalah "[nama program] menyebabkan “Invalid Page Fault”dalam modul KERNEL32.DLL pada [alamat memori]". File KERNEL32.DLL bertanggungjawab atas beberapa fungsi dasar sistem operasi seperti misalnyamanajemen memori, pengelolaan input/ output ports, dan juga Interrupt.
Istilah "Invalid Page" merupakan cara dan metode bagaimana Windows
mengakses RAM yang tersedia termasuk file swap.

84. Menentukan Password untuk Standby

Windows 98 SE atau versi yang lebih baru telah memiliki modus Standby atau Hibernate (lihat pada tip 5).
Pada PC keluaran baru yang telah memiliki BIOS dengandukungan ACPI, Anda dapat
menjalankan modus ini secara manual dengan menekan tombol power ON/OFF.
Selain itu Anda dapat menentukan password yang akan ditanyakan setelah PC diaktifkan dengan menggerakkan mouse atau penekanan tombol pada keyboard. Untuk mengaktifkan penggunaan input password, bukalah "Power Options" dalam Control Panel dan klik tab "Advanced". Pastikan agar modus Standby atau Hibernate aktif saat tombol ON/OFF pada PC Anda ditekan. Aktifkan pula option Prompt for password when computer goes standby or hibernate" dan tutup jendela dengan "OK".

Selanjutnya bila Anda ingin benar-benar mematikan komputer, tekan tombol power ON/OFF lebih lama dari 4detik.

85. Mewajibkan login ke jaringan lokal

Dalam jaringan NT atau 2000 kita dapat 'melangkahi' aturan login hanya dengan menekan tombol [Esc].
Akibatnya siapa saja yang tak berhak mengakses data pada PC yang bersistem Windows 95,
98, dan Me dapat menggunakan PC Anda dengan mudahnya,walaupun orang tersebut tetap tidak dapat masuk ke jaringan lokal. Dengan sebuah perubahan pada registry Windows Anda dapat melindungi data Anda dengan mensyaratkan login.Bukalah dalam menu Start kolom input "Run" dan masukkan "regedit" tanpa tanda kutip. Tekan [Enter] untuk menjalankan registry-editor.
Pindah dalam tabel direktorinya ke bagain "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\ Network\\Logon". Klik kanan pada bagian
manan jendela editor dan pilih dalam context menu perintah "New String Value".
Berikan nama "MustBeValidated" pada nilai baru tersebut. Perhatikan penulisan huruf kapital atau non-kapitalnya pengan benar.
Klik ganda entri tersebut dan masukkan nilai "1". Konfirmasikan dengan "OK" dan
start ulang Windows. Saat ingin masuk ke desktop Windows akan tampil jendela logon yang apabila dilakukan penekanan tombol [Esc] akan menghasilkan laporan kesalahan.
Akses ke PC tetap tertutup baginya
warning :

All the Tricks which had shown in this site is just for Teaching and Learning purpose.use all tricks on your personal risk.

Mail me at masteragarwal@yahoo.com to receive latest updates and source cods and be in touch.